2012 by Vanderbilt University Press
Nashville, Tennessee 37235
All rights reserved
First printing 2012
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Manufactured in the United States of America
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data on file
LC control number 2011038284
LC classification PT9876.22.A6933Z78 2012
Dewey class number 839.738dc23
ISBN 978-0-8265-1849-1 (cloth)
ISBN 978-0-8265-1850-7 (paperback)
ISBN 978-0-8265-1851-4 (e-book)
Introduction
Men Who Hate Women and Women Who Kick Their Asses got its start in the summer of 2010, when the final installment of the Millennium trilogy was released in the United States, fueling sales of all three volumes. People could be seen reading Stieg Larssons books on planes, in trains, at the beach, in backyard lounge chairs, and in bed, sitting up late into the night. What struck us in our own readings of Larsson was the unexpected combination of familiar crime fiction devicesrape, murder, mayhem, etc., often at womens expense and described in excruciating detailserved up with a distinctly feminist flavor and with some remarkable feminist characters. The juxtaposition was jarring, yet strangely compelling, and the question it raised more than any other was What do other feminists think about these books?
The Millennium trilogy revolves around two main protagonists, Lisbeth Salander and Mikael Blomkvist. In book 1, we are introduced to Blomkvist, a middle-aged investigative journalist recently convicted of libeling a powerful businessman. In trying to extricate himself from this legal mess, he crosses paths with Henrik Vanger, a formerly powerful industrialist who offers to support Blomkvist in exchange for help in unraveling a family mystery. Through his involvement with the Vanger family, Blomkvist eventually meets Lisbeth Salander, a freelance hacker and investigator with a punk, tattooed appearance and a mysterious past. As the trilogy unfolds, we learn more about Salander and her troubled background, which includes a horrifically abusive father and a victimized mother, a sadistic state psychiatrist who enjoyed torturing her while she was under his care, a guardian who rapes her, a violent and thuggish half-brother, and a corrupt criminal justice system intent on prosecuting her for murders she did not commit. Salander saves Blomkvists life early in the trilogy, and Blomkvist later gathers a small but devoted group of friends and allies to work on Salanders behalf.
Along the way, we meet a remarkable cast of supporting characters. There is Erika Berger, who is Blomkvists friend, his married lover, his colleague, and his editor in chief at Millennium, and Miriam Wu, a half-Swedish, half-Asian lesbian with whom Salander is both friend and lover. There are good men (such as Salanders first guardian and her former boss) and there are bad men (such as her father, her half-brother, and a cast of assorted goons and thugs). We meet strong women who stand up for themselves and defend themselves, and we meet many nameless women who are victims of mens sexual abuse and human trafficking.
Some critics argue that many of the trilogys characters are one-dimensional and lack complexity. For instance, Salanders father and half-brother are simply evil and devoid of any goodness. In contrast, Salanders first guardian is a kind and gentle man who views her as an equal and provides her with wise counsel. While some characters lack nuance, Larssons ability to pack many different social issues and controversies into his complex stories keeps us talking about them. Violence against women takes center stage, and Larsson also examines shoddy journalism, out-of-control capitalism, incompetent law enforcement, and a Swedish state that fails to protect its citizens. Racism, sexism, the role of cutting-edge technology, and the ability of hackers to penetrate into any system are also some of the topics he addresses. While Salander attracts most of the attention from critics, Larssons wide-ranging social critiques strike us as equally responsible for popular interest in the trilogy.
Men Who Hate Women and Women Who Kick Their Asses uses a variety of feminist approaches to examine the tensions inherent in many of the issues Larssons work raises. For example, is the explicit portrayal of violence against women a predictable convention intended to sell the books? Is it simply encouraging voyeurism? Or is Larsson providing an unvarnished view of a harsh reality that more people need to recognize in order to stop the violence? Is Salander a hero for women everywhere, with her gender ambiguity and her feminist avenging power? Or is she a cautionary tale about body hatred and the consequences of going it alone in the face of sexual abuse and harassment? Is Sweden a bastion of social progressivism, gender equity, and sexual freedom? Or is it a haven for reactionary misogynists, neoliberal free-marketeers, and corrupt state officials?
Larssons work also raises broader questions about the relationship between individuals and society. We see various characters challenging social norms. Salander is perhaps the best example of this: she designs her appearance to be decidedly unfeminine and nonprofessional, she scorns established social institutions, and she adheres to her own set of rules about ethics and justice. Blomkvist and Bergers relationship is clearly outside the norms of monogamy or adultery, women such as Harriet Vanger are successful corporate leaders, and the misfits of the underground group Hacker Republic uncover hidden secrets and rescue friends.
Yet, there are also many characters who fail to confront or change societal norms. Salander herself displays a strong unease with her body and decides to get breast implants. Berger is unable to transform the aggressively hypermasculine workplace culture of mainstream journalism, Harriet Vanger has to fake her own death to escape from her sadistically abusive brother, and the hackerswhile successful at bringing down corrupt and unsavory individualsfail to transform existing social structures.