Belal Ehsan Baaquie and Leong-Chuan Kwek
Quantum Computers
Theory and Algorithms
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Belal Ehsan Baaquie
Helixtap Technologies, Singapore, Singapore
Leong-Chuan Kwek
Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
ISBN 978-981-19-7516-5 e-ISBN 978-981-19-7517-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7517-2
The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023
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Preface
Quantum theory introduces a fundamentally new framework for thinking about nature and entails a radical break from the paradigm of classical physics. In spite of the fact that the shift of paradigm from classical to quantum mechanics has been ongoing for more than a century, a complete conceptual grasp of quantum mechanics has till today proved elusive. According to leading quantum theorist Richard Feynman, It is safe to say that no one understands quantum mechanics [1].
The idea of quantum computers was pioneered by Yuri Manin (1980) and Richard Feynman (1981) when they discussed simulations that could not be carried out by a classical computerbut only by a quantum computer. Feynman discussed the ideas of quantum gates and quantum computers in [2]. In 1983, David Deutsch made a crucial advance by proposing that the quantum qubit is the natural generalization of the bit of classical computers [3]. The field over the last two decades has seen phenomenal growth, and the development of a practical quantum computer is poised to be game-changing technology of the twenty-first century.
This book is divided into the following four parts. The introduction in Part I gives a more detailed discussion of these four parts.
The topics in Part I have been chosen to introduce non-specialists and newcomers to this field.
Part II discusses in great detail some of the important special cases that illustrate the workings of a quantum algorithm.
Part III discusses relatively more advanced topics as well as some important applications of quantum algorithms.
The last part is a discussions of some of the general features of quantum algorithms.
Hopefully, after reading this book, one can have a rudimentary understanding of quantum algorithms.
References
Feynman RP (2007) The character of physical law. Penguin Books, USA
Feynman RP (2018) Lectures on computation. CRC Press, USA
Deutsch D (1985) Quantum theory, the churchturing principle and the universal quantum computer. Proceedings of the Royal Society
Belal Ehsan Baaquie
Leong-Chuan Kwek
Singapore
Acknowledgments
We would like to acknowledge and express our thanks to many outstanding researchers in the field of quantum computing.
We would like to thank our respective families for their unflagging support and encouragement, without which this book could not have been written.
One of us (BEB) would like to thank George Zweig, Gerald Gerry Neugerbauer, Clifford M. Will, Jon Mathews, Jeffrey E. Mandula, David Mermin, David Ashcroft and Kurt Gottfried for shaping my views on quantum mechanics. He would also like to thank M. Mahmudul Karim, Behzad Mansouri and Frederick H. Willeboordse for many stimulating discussions on computation and algorithms. He had the privilege of having enlightening discussions on quantum mechanics with peerless scholars and visionaries Richard P. Feynman and Kenneth G. Wilson, for which he is eternally indebted to them.
The other author (KLC) would like to thank Luigi Amico, Berge Englert, Jiangfeng Du, Thomas Durt, Artur Ekert, Rosario Fazio, Fan Heng, David Hutchinson, Myungshik Kim, Jose Ignacio Latorre, Aiqun Liu, Christian Miniatura, Bill Munro, C. H. Oh, Xiangbin Wang, Vlatko Vedral, Marek Zukowski and many others for their constant encouragement and advice. He has also benefited a lot from numerous stimulating discussions with many of his current and past students, post-doctoral fellows and group members (A partial list follows: Davit Aghamalyan, Joonwoo Bae, Kishor Bharti, Shaohen Chew, Andy Chia, Keng Wah Choo, Tobias Haug, Masahito Hayashi, Hermanni Heimonen, Mingxia Huo, Alexander Hue, Kelvin Koor, Thiha Kyaw, Elica Kyoseva, Chee Kong Lee, Ying Li, Cao Lin, Jonathan Lau, Wei Luo, Kian Hwee Lim, David A. Herrera-Mart, Dariel Mok, Ewan Munro, Tiong Eng Ng, Wei Nie, Yuan Shen, Harshank Shrotriya, Sivakumar M. Maniam, Sai Vinjanampathy, Lingxiao Wan, Gong Zhang, Hui Zhang, Zisheng Wang, Janus H. Wesenberg and so forth).