CHILDBIRTH
AND THE FUTURE
OF HOMO SAPIENS
MICHEL ODENT
CHILDBIRTH
AND THE FUTURE
OF HOMO SAPIENS
Childbirth and the Future of Homo sapiens
First published in Great Britain by Pinter & Martin Ltd 2013
2013 Michel Odent
Michel Odent has asserted his moral right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act of 1988.
All rights reserved
ISBN 978-1-78066-095-0
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade and otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publishers prior consent in any form or binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
Set in Minion
Printed and bound in the UK by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall
This book has been printed on paper that is sourced and harvested from sustainable forests and is FSC accredited.
Pinter & Martin Ltd
6 Effra Parade
London SW2 1PS
www.pinterandmartin.com
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
The long-term consequences of how we are born: an anthology of valuable studies
In the 1980s there were already theoretical reasons to claim that the way we are born might have long-term consequences., a database specializing in studies exploring correlations between what happens during the primal period (including birth) and what happens later on.
The results of a Chinese study published in 2010 are particularly intriguing. The objective was to evaluate the likelihood of psychopathological problems in childhood in relation to how babies are born. of caesarean sections was 56%. Three groups of children were assessed. Children in the first group were born by the vaginal route without forceps (or ventouse). Those in the second group were born with forceps (or ventouse). Those in the third group were born by programmed pre-labour c-section on maternal request. Children in the third group, born by pre-labour c-section, had the lowest risk of psychopathological problems. After controlling for many associated factors, the differences remained highly significant. One of my own interpretations is that, in the context of modern China, almost all children had probably been exposed to synthetic oxytocin, except those born by pre-labour c-section.
Several studies of autism from a primal health research perspective have a great scientific value. For example, there has been a study involving every Swedish baby born over a period of twenty years. Interestingly, whatever the country and whatever the research protocols, all these studies have detected risk factors for autism during the period surrounding birth. This fact is crucial to the hypothesis that autism and anorexia nervosa are two facets of the same disease, one variant being mostly male and the other mostly female.
A great variety of studies of asthma and allergic diseases also provide concordant results in terms of timing for gene-environment interaction.
We must emphasise that the prevalence of all the pathological conditions we have mentioned in this short anthology has dramatically increased in recent decades. This is also the case with many so-called auto-immune diseases, when a dysregulated immune system identifies some parts of the body as foreign and attacks them. A typical example is type-1 diabetes, in which antibodies destroy the pancreas. This kind of diabetes, often diagnosed early in life, is fatal when insulin treatment is not available. An accumulation of data suggests that the period surrounding birth is crucial in its genesis.
In general, it is difficult to obtain valuable studies about behavioural problems that are at the frontier between personality traits and pathological conditions. This is why thought-provoking studies about juvenile criminality, need to be replicated in order to moderate the possible effects of a great variety of confounding factors.
All those interested in the future of humanity, whatever their background, need to be aware of this new generation of research. We must, however, deliver a warning for those who are not familiar with statistical language. Epidemiologists provide conclusions in terms of tendencies, risk factors and statistically significant differences. They need huge numbers to make their studies valuable, but they cannot say anything about individuals and particular cases. This is why readers of this book must try to forget their own family and friends. One of the functions of the Primal Health Research Database is to introduce the necessary collective dimension. Our topic is the future of humanity.
CHAPTER ONE
Ecce Homo
Our first objective is to raise a question: should we expect transformations of our species in relation to the way babies are born?
All aspects of human lifestyle have been deeply modified in recent decades. This indisputable fact has inspired both comments about recent detectable transformations of Homo sapiens, as well as questions about the future of our species. It is noticeable that neither in academic circles nor among the media is the period surrounding birth usually taken into consideration, although it is undoubtedly a phase of human life that has been radically turned upside-down. Several scientific disciplines now claim that it is a critical period in the formation of individuals.
Before considering the future, well take as a point of departure a presentation of Homo sapiens. How can we summarize our understanding of human nature?
The capacity to think has traditionally been considered the main characteristic of our species. It is significant that the English-Dutch word man (German: mann, mensch; Danish: mand) probably comes from a Sanskrit term that means thinking. According to Blaise Pascal, man is un roseau pensant (a thinking reed). In the current scientific context, a common presentation of Homo sapiens is not radically different from the traditional one, although it is expressed in different language. Today we can present ourselves as members of the chimpanzee family with a gigantic brain of enormous complexity. We have developed to an extreme degree the part of the brain called the neocortex. This is how we interpret our mental capability, which includes the capacity for abstract reasoning, language, introspection, problem-solving and use of tools.
It is the objective of a great variety of scientific disciplines to improve our understanding of human nature. The extreme degree of specialization of modern scientists is becoming an obstacle to presenting a synthetic overview of the particularities of Homo sapiens. It makes us think of the famous story of a group of blind men who were asked to determine what an elephant looked like by feeling different parts of its body. The blind man who felt a leg said the elephant is like a pillar; the one who felt the tail said the elephant is like a rope; the one who felt the trunk said the elephant is like the branch of a tree; the one who felt the ear said the elephant is like a hand-held fan; the one who felt the belly said the elephant is like a wall; and the one who felt the tusk said the elephant is like a solid pipe. This parable is more significant than ever, at a time when there is an urgent need for communication and respect for different perspectives.
Bacteriology more precisely molecular microbiology is a typical example of a discipline advancing at such a high speed that
Next page