Buffy Silverman - Can You Tell a Stegosaurus from an Ankylosaurus?

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12

Can You Tell a

Stegosaurus

from an

Ankylosaurus?

Buffy Silverman

Buffy Silverman

Lerner Publications Company

Minneapolis

To Ann,
my StegoSister
B .S.

Copyright 2014 by Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.

All rights reserved. International copyright secured. No part of this book may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any meanselectronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwisewithout the prior written permission of Lerner Publishing
Group, Inc., except for the inclusion of brief quotations in an acknowledged review.

Lerner Publications Company
A division of Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
241 First Avenue North
Minneapolis, MN 55401 U.S.A.

Website address: www.lernerbooks.com

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Silverman, Buffy.

Can you tell a stegosaurus from an ankylosaurus? / by Buffy Silverman.
p. cm. (Lightning bolt booksDinosaur look-alikes)
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-4677-1359-7 (lib. bdg. : alk. paper)
ISBN 978-1-4677-1757-1 (eBook)
1. StegosaurusJuvenile literature. 2. AnkylosaurusJuvenile literature. 3. Dinosaurs
Juvenile literature. I. Title.
QE862.O65S563 2014
567.915dc23

2013001103

Manufactured in the United States of America
1 BP 7/15/13

Table of Contents

Body
Armor

Imagine living when dinosaurs
roamed Earth. Ferns grew as
tall as trees. Some dinosaurs
chewed these tall ferns. Other
dinosaurs hunted for food.

How did plant eaters stay
safe? Many had thick
armor.

Their bodies
were covered with
spikes and plates.

The body of this
Ankylosaurus is
covered in armor.

Dinosaurs with body armor
belonged to a group called
Thyreophora.

Thyreophora
means shield bearers.

Stegosaurus and Ankylosaurus
were Thyreophora. Their
armor kept them safe.

An African elephant is the
largest living land animal.
Stegosaurus (above) and
Ankylosaurus each grew
about as long as an elephant.

Small plates covered
Ankylosauruss head and jaw.
Horns stuck out above and
below its eyes.

This Ankylosaurus skull
shows the horns that
stuck out around its eyes.

Small round bones covered
Stegosauruss throat.

They
protected its neck.

Hundreds of plates and knobs
covered Ankylosauruss back.
Some were as small as a
penny. Others were bigger
than a dinner plate .

Ankylosaurus armor stopped
predators claws and teeth.

Scientists think it was
as strong as a
bulletproof vest!

Two rows of plates
rose above
Stegosauruss
back.

Scientists
once thought
these plates kept
it safe from
meat eaters.
But the plates
were thin. Thin
plates might
not have
stopped sharp
teeth.

The plates made Stegosaurus
look bigger than it was. That
might have scared predators.
The plates might have helped
Stegosaurus attract mates too.

Plates could also have
helped Stegosaurus
warm up and cool down.

Tails: Spikes
or Clubs?

Stegosaurus and
Ankylosaurus had armor
on their tails.

They
used the tails as
weapons.

Several bones formed
Ankylosauruss strong tail.
The tail ended in a round
club. Ankylosaurus swung it
at enemies.

Four sharp spikes grew
from Stegosauruss tail. The
creature whipped its tail from
side to side.

This tails sharp
spikes stopped
predators.

Ankylosauruss swinging tail
could crush enemy bones.
The club struck with the force
of a bowling ball.

Ankylosaurus rivals
might have fought
with their tails when
looking for mates.

Stegosaurus sometimes broke
a tail spike. The spikes could
break off when Stegosaurus hit
its enemies. Dinosaur fossils
have been found with spike-
sized holes.

Two Legs
or Four?

Stegosaurus probably stood
on all four feet when it swung
its heavy tail. It needed good
balance. Its front
legs were shorter
than its back
legs. But they
were strong.

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