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Swent - One Shot for Gold: Developing a Modern Mine in Northern California

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Swent One Shot for Gold: Developing a Modern Mine in Northern California
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    One Shot for Gold: Developing a Modern Mine in Northern California
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One Shot for Gold: Developing a Modern Mine in Northern California: summary, description and annotation

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In 1978, a geologist working for the Homestake Mining Company discovered gold in a remote corner of Californias Napa County. This discovery led to the establishment of Californias most productive gold mine in the twentieth century. Named the McLaughlin Mine, it produced about 3.4 million ounces of gold between 1985 and 2002. The mine was also one of the first attempts at creating a new full-scale mine in California after the advent of environmental regulations and the first to use autoclaves to extract gold from ore.
One Shot for Gold traces the history of the McLaughlin Mine and how it transformed a community and an industry. This lively and detailed account is based largely on oral history interviews with a wide range of people associated with the mine, including Homestake executives, geologists, and engineers as well as local neighbors of the mine, officials from county governments, townspeople, and environmental activists. Their narratives supported by thorough research into mining company documents, public records, newspaper accounts, and other materialschronicle the mine from its very beginning to its eventual end and transformation into a designated nature reserve as part of the University of California Natural Reserve System.
A mine created at the end of the twentieth century was vastly different from the mines of the Gold Rush. New regulations and concerns about the environmental, economic, and social impacts of a large mine in this remote and largely rural region of the state-required decisions at many levels. One Shot for Gold offers an engaging and accessible account of a modern gold mine and how it managed to exist in balance with the environment and the human community around it.

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR ELEANOR HERZ SWENT was born in Lead South Dakota in 1924 - photo 1
ABOUT THE AUTHOR

ELEANOR HERZ SWENT was born in Lead, South Dakota, in 1924. Her mother had a degree in geology and her father was chief metallurgist at the Homestake mine. She graduated from Lead High School, was editor of the school newspaper, and president of South Dakota High School Press Association. She attended Northwestern University Journalism Institute and Dana Hall School.

She attended Wellesley College, where she was president of the Shakespeare Society and a member of Phi Beta Kappa. She spent one summer volunteering at a day school for children of workers at the Willow Run defense plant in Michigan, and another on the Pine Ridge and Rosebud Reservations, gathering material for her honors thesis on Sioux Indians. After graduating in 1945 with departmental honors in English, she was employed as assistant to the president of Elmira College in Elmira, New York, in charge of publicity and public relations.

She earned a master of arts in English from the University of Denver in 1947, and married Langan W. Swent, a mining engineer and son of a mining engineer. From 1947 to 1954 the Swents resided in Tayoltita, Durango, Mexico, where he was assistant manager of the San Luis Mine. Three of their children were born during this time; Eleanor traveled to the United States for each delivery.

From 1954 to 1957 they resided in Lead, South Dakota, where he was assistant to the manager of the Homestake mine. In 1957 they moved to Grants, New Mexico, a boomtown where he was manager of Homestakes uranium mining operations. Their fourth child was born in July 1957. Eleanor secured a notary public license, registered more than 2,000 new voters, and was named chairman of a new precinct. She wrote a book review column for the Grants Daily Beacon and helped to organize an auxiliary for the new hospital.

In 1966 Langan Swent became vice president of Homestake and they moved to Piedmont, California. She first volunteered and later was employed (196786) as a teacher of English as a second language in OaklandAdult School and local community colleges. In 2010 she published a book based on that experience, Asian Refugees in America: Narratives of Escape and Adaptation. She wrote a Cousin Jenny column for the California Mining Association newsletter and was awarded their Clementine Award for her contribution to mining history.

In 1986 she became a research interviewer/editor at the Regional Oral History Office, now the Oral History Center, at the Bancroft Library, UC Berkeley, and director of the Western Mining in the Twentieth Century oral history series. The thirteen-volume Knoxville/McLaughlin Mine oral history project is part of this series. She retired in 2005, after completing 63 volumes of oral histories.

In 1998 she was awarded the honorary doctor of letters degree by South Dakota School of Mines and Technology. She served as president of the Mining History Association, and in 2004 received the Rodman Paul award for outstanding contribution to mining history. In July 2005 she gave the keynote address, Yanks and Aussies: A Symbiosis, at the eleventh Australian Mining History Conference in Bendigo.

In October 2005 she retired and moved to a retirement home in Palo Alto, California.

APPENDIX

Homestake Mining Company McLaughlin Mine Tour Guide Script, Version 199301

Compiled by D. Enderlin, Geology Dept.

(Original Windows Word document: HMCTOUR.DOC)

Introductions: Tour Guide and Bus Driver

Good morning (afternoon) and welcome to Homestake Mining Companys McLaughlin gold mine. We appreciate your interest in the project and want to thank you for purchasing your tickets through the Lakeport Chamber of Commerce. These tickets are tax-deductible, charitable donations, and any proceeds over our expenses will go into a fund for various area programs and nonprofit organizations. Cameras are welcome on the tour, and please feel free to take pictures wherever you wish. No food and beverage consumption or smoking is allowed on the bus. Also, please make use of the garbage can up front. We are very ecologically minded here, and trash, either on the bus or on the grounds, is frowned upon. Thank you for your help!

Our first stop will be the lunchroom in back of our administration building.

This is the Administration building. It contains the office of the resident general manager and various administrative departments, including accounting and personnel. Just beyond the administration building is the maintenance building and warehouse. As with mines both old and new, the shop in the maintenance building is an important hub of activity. It is well equipped to fabricate or modify many of the hard-to-find parts necessary to keep our complex machinery in operation.

In modern gold mining operations, such as the McLaughlin Mine, huge tonnages of rock must be processed daily in order to recover enough gold and silver to make a profit. This is done in three major steps:

1. Mining, where gold-bearing rock is removed from the earth.

2. Processing, where the rock is pulverized and made ready for extraction of the gold.

3. Recovery, where the gold is dissolved from the powdered rock and ultimately poured into bars.

Each of the three steps requires careful planning, skilled operation, and adherence to strict environmental impact guidelines. During the course of todays tour, we hopeto show you how these steps all come together to make the McLaughlin Mine a safe, efficient, profitable and environmentally conscious world-class gold mining operation. If you have any questions or miss something, please feel free to ask at any time.

Homestake Mining Company video presentation

[The introductory video contains sufficient information to acquaint people on the tour with Homestake Mining Company, its size, and its history.]

In 1989, Homestake Mining Company produced 1,014,702 ounces of gold. The McLaughlin mine contributed nearly 284,000 ounces toward this annual total.

[Return to bus] [Drive to Model Room]

Model Room

These are the models of our crushing, milling, and processing facilities. Their construction was subcontracted by the Davy-McKee Corporation, who did the engineering work here in 1982 and 1983. They were built in Danville at a cost of almost $300,000 and were shipped here in 1983. In 1988 the model underwent a major modification to include details for a new $25 million facilities expansion program. This program was completed early in 1989. With ongoing and recent modifications to the models, it is estimated that Homestakes investment in them now totals $450,000! All in all, the models have definitely paid for themselves. Architectural modeling is used extensively in industrial planning. This is because three-dimensional planning is easier to do. It allows the engineers to see better how things work and fit together. The scale used on these models is -inch equals 1 foot. They are also helpful in safety and accessibility planning so things can be built with allowable headroom and adequate spacing in mind. Besides showing how things fit together, the models are useful for giving tours; training operators; showing specific areas to vendors, consultants, and technicians; and for troubleshooting various technical problems. Every element of the model is color-coded. Finally, its biggest savings comes in the inventory area. As you can see, everything is numbered, so there is no need to dig around in the files or out in the plant looking for replacement names and numbers. Things are not set out in here as they are on the property. Instead, they are arranged so that people can move easily among them to study specific areas.

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