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Larry Wasserman - All of Statistics

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Larry Wasserman All of Statistics

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Taken literally, the title All of Statistics is an exaggeration. But in spirit, the title is apt, as the book does cover a much broader range of topics than a typical introductory book on mathematical statistics. This book is for people who want to learn probability and statistics quickly. It is suitable for graduate or advanced undergraduate students in computer science, mathematics, statistics, and related disciplines. The book includes modern topics like nonparametric curve estimation, bootstrapping, and classification, topics that are usually relegated to follow-up courses. The reader is presumed to know calculus and a little linear algebra. No previous knowledge of probability and statistics is required. Statistics, data mining, and machine learning are all concerned with collecting and analyzing data. For some time, statistics research was conducted in statistics departments while data mining and machine learning re search was conducted in computer science departments. Statisticians thought that computer scientists were reinventing the wheel. Computer scientists thought that statistical theory didnt apply to their problems. Things are changing. Statisticians now recognize that computer scientists are making novel contributions while computer scientists now recognize the generality of statistical theory and methodology. Clever data mining algorithms are more scalable than statisticians ever thought possible. Formal statistical theory is more pervasive than computer scientists had realized.

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ISSN 1431-875X ISBN 978-1-4419-2322-6 ISBN 978-0-387-21736-9 eBook DOI - photo 1
ISSN 1431-875X
ISBN 978-1-4419-2322-6 ISBN 978-0-387-21736-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-21736-9
Springer Science+Business Media New York 2004
Originally published by Springer Science+Business Media, Inc in 2004
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis.
Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
www.springer.com
To Isa
Preface
Taken literally, the title All of Statistics is an exaggeration. But in spirit, the title is apt, as the book does cover a much broader range of topics than a typical introductory book on mathematical statistics.
This book is for people who want to learn probability and statistics quickly. It is suitable for graduate or advanced undergraduate students in computer science, mathematics, statistics, and related disciplines. The book includes modern topics like nonparametric curve estimation, bootstrapping, and classification, topics that are usually relegated to follow-up courses. The reader is presumed to know calculus and a little linear algebra. No previous knowledge of probability and statistics is required.
Statistics, data mining, and machine learning are all concerned with collecting and analyzing data. For some time, statistics research was conducted in statistics departments while data mining and machine learning research was conducted in computer science departments. Statisticians thought that computer scientists were reinventing the wheel. Computer scientists thought that statistical theory didnt apply to their problems.
Things are changing. Statisticians now recognize that computer scientists are making novel contributions while computer scientists now recognize the generality of statistical theory and methodology. Clever data mining algorithms are more scalable than statisticians ever thought possible. Formal statistical theory is more pervasive than computer scientists had realized.
Students who analyze data, or who aspire to develop new methods for analyzing data, should be well grounded in basic probability and mathematical statistics. Using fancy tools like neural nets, boosting, and support vector machines without understanding basic statistics is like doing brain surgery before knowing how to use a band-aid.
But where can students learn basic probability and statistics quickly? Nowhere. At least, that was my conclusion when my computer science colleagues kept asking me: Where can I send my students to get a good understanding of modern statistics quickly? The typical mathematical statistics course spends too much time on tedious and uninspiring topics (counting methods, two dimensional integrals, etc.) at the expense of covering modern concepts (bootstraping, curve estimation, graphical models, etc.). So I set out to redesign our undergraduate honors course on probability and mathematical statistics. This book arose from that course. Here is a summary of the main features of this book.
The book is suitable for graduate students in computer science and honors undergraduates in math, statistics, and computer science. It is also useful for students beginning graduate work in statistics who need to fill in their background on mathematical statistics.
I cover advanced topics that are traditionally not taught in a first course. For example, nonparametric regression, bootstrapping, density estimation, and graphical models.
I have omitted topics in probability that do not play a central role in statistical inference. For example, counting methods are virtually absent.
Whenever possible, I avoid tedious calculations in favor of emphasizing concepts.
I cover nonparametric inference before parametric inference.
I abandon the usual First Term = Probability and Second Term = Statistics approach. Some students only take the first half and it would be a crime if they did not see any statistical theory. Furthermore, probability is more engaging when students can see it put to work in the context of statistics. An exception is the topic of stochastic processes which is included in the later material.
The course moves very quickly and covers much material. My colleagues joke that I cover all of statistics in this course and hence the title. The course is demanding but I have worked hard to make the material as intuitive as possible so that the material is very understandable despite the fast pace.
Rigor and clarity are not synonymous. I have tried to strike a good balance. To avoid getting bogged down in uninteresting technical details, many results are stated without proof. The bibliographic references at the end of each chapter point the student to appropriate sources.
On my website are files with R code which students can use for doing all the computing. The website is:
http://www.stat.cmu.edu/~larry/all-of-statistics
However, the book is not tied to R and any computing language can be used.
of the text is concerned with probability theory, the formal language of uncertainty which is the basis of statistical inference. The basic problem that we study in probability is:
Given a data generating process, what are the properties of the outcomes?
is about statistical inference and its close cousins, data mining and machine learning. The basic problem of statistical inference is the inverse of probability:
Given the outcomes, what can we say about the process that generated the data?
These ideas are illustrated in . Prediction, classification, clustering, and estimation are all special cases of statistical inference. Data analysis, machine learning and data mining are various names given to the practice of statistical inference, depending on the context.
FIGURE 1 Probability and inference contains one more chapter on - photo 2
FIGURE 1.
Probability and inference.
contains one more chapter on probability that covers stochastic processes including Markov chains.
I have drawn on other books in many places. Most chapters contain a section called Bibliographic Remarks which serves both to acknowledge my debt to other authors and to point readers to other useful references. I would especially like to mention the books by DeGroot and Schervish (2002) and Grimmett and Stirzaker (1982) from which I adapted many examples and exercises.
As one develops a book over several years it is easy to lose track of where presentation ideas and, especially, homework problems originated. Some I made up. Some I remembered from my education. Some I borrowed from other books. I hope I do not offend anyone if I have used a problem from their book and failed to give proper credit. As my colleague Mark Schervish wrote in his book (Schervish (1995)),
.... the problems at the ends of each chapter have come from many sources.... These problems, in turn, came from various sources unknown to me ... If I have used a problem without giving proper credit, please take it as a compliment.
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