Puchner Martin - The communist manifesto and other writings
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Largely ignored when it was first published in 1848, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engelss The Communist Manifesto has become one of the most widely read and discussed social and political testaments ever written. Its ideas and concepts have not only become part of the intellectual landscape of Western civilization: They form the basis for a movement that has, for better or worse, radically changed the world. The Manifesto argues that history is a record of class struggle between the bourgeoisie, or owners, and the proletariat, or workers. In order to succeed, the bourgeoisie must constantly build larger cities, promote new products, and secure cheaper commodities, while eliminating large numbers of workers in order to increase profits without increasing production -a scenario that is perhaps even more prevalent today than in 1848. Calling upon the workers of the world to unite, the Manifesto announces a plan for overthrowing the bourgeoisie and empowering the proletariat. This volume also includes Marxs The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852), one of the most brilliant works ever written on the philosophy of history, and Theses on Feuerbach (1845), Marxs personal notes about new forms of social relations and education. -- From publishers description.;Manifesto of the Communist Party [1848, 1888] -- Prefaces to to the Manifesto of the Communist Party [1872-1893] -- The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte [1852] -- Prefaces to the Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte [1869, 1885] -- Theses on Feuerbach [1845/46, 1888].
Puchner Martin: author's other books
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Puchner Martin
China Miéville
Karl Marx
Marx Karl
Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Slavoj Žižek
Karl Marx Frederick Engels
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Table of Contents
From the Pages ofThe Communist Manifesto and Other Writings
A specter is haunting Europethe specter of Communism.
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 5)
The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 7)
Society as a whole is splitting up more and more into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 8)
The bourgeoisie during its rule of scarce one hundred years has created more massive and more colossal productive forces than have all preceding generations together. Subjection of natures forces to man, machinery, application of chemistry to industry and agriculture, steam navigation, railways, electric telegraphs, clearing of whole continents for cultivation, canalization of rivers, whole populations conjured out of the groundwhat earlier century had even a presentiment that such productive forces slumbered in the lap of social labor?
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 12)
Modern industry has converted the little workshop of the patriarchal master into the great factory of the industrial capitalist. Masses of laborers, crowded into the factory, are organized like soldiers. As privates of the industrial army they are placed under the command of a perfect hierarchy of officers and sergeants. Not only are they slaves of the bourgeois class and of the bourgeois State; they are daily and hourly enslaved by the machine, by the overseer and, above all, by the individual bourgeois manufacturer himself. The more openly this despotism proclaims gain to be its end and aim, the more petty, the more hateful and the more embittering it is.
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 14)
The theory of the Communists may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property.
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 21)
The Communists disdain to conceal their views and aims. They openly declare that their ends can be attained only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win.
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 41)
WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!
(from Manifesto of the Communist Party, page 41)
Hegel remarks somewhere that all facts and personages of great importance in world history occur, as it were, twice. He forgot to add: the first time as tragedy, the second as farce.
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, page 63)
The social revolution of the nineteenth century cannot draw its poetry from the past, but only from the future.
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, page 66)
In the first French Revolution the rule of the Constitutionalists is followed by the rule of the Girondists and the rule of the Girondists by the rule of the Jacobins. Each of these parties relies on the more progressive party for support. As soon as it has brought the revolution far enough to be unable to follow it further, still less to go ahead of it, it is thrust aside by the bolder ally that stands behind it and sent to the guillotine. The revolution thus moves along an ascending line.
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, page 87)
By now stigmatizing as socialistic what it had previously extolled as liberal, the bourgeoisie confesses that its own interests dictate that it should be delivered from the danger of its own rule.
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, page 108)
This extra-parliamentary bourgeoisie, which had already rebelled against the purely parliamentary and literary struggle for the rule of its own class and betrayed the leaders of this struggle, now dares after the event to indict the proletariat for not having risen in a bloody struggle, a life-and-death struggle on its behalf!
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, page 143)
If ever an event has, well in advance of its coming, cast its shadow before, it was Bonapartes coup dtat.
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, pages 146-147)
The revolution is thoroughgoing. It is still journeying through purgatory. It does its work methodically.
(from The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, page 156)
Karl Marx
Philosopher, historian, economist, social scientist, and revolutionary, Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818, in Trier, Prussia (now Germany). His family were middle-class Jews who had converted to Lutheranism; Karls father expected his son, who was gifted in many subjects, to follow in his footsteps and become a lawyer. But when his father sent Karl to study law in Bonn, the young man preferred to carouse, smoke, compose poetry, and fall in love. After becoming engaged to Jenny von Westphalen, Marx transferred to the law faculty of the University of Berlin, though the degree he eventually earned was a doctorate in philosophy.
Marx turned to journalism to earn his living. The fiery polemicist edited and wrote for the liberal newspaper Rheinische Zeitung ; his deeply critical articles provoked the ire of the Prussian government, which dissolved the paper in 1843. Karl and Jenny then married and moved to Paris. Marx studied political economy and French socialism that year and, as a result, became a communist, though he was still working out the precise tenets of that political philosophy. His legendary intellect roused much support, but his revolutionary writings resulted in his expulsion by the French government, later by the Belgian government, and eventually by Prussia, his native country. England was the last outpost for Marx, and he lived there, working tirelessly on behalf of workers, until the end of his life.
Despite the fact that he suffered periods of poor health and poverty, Marx created an extremely influential body of thought. He mastered many foreign languages and spent years in the library, learning philosophy, history, and economics. His writings helped change the way the world views the relationship between labor and capital, and his works, foremost among them The Communist Manifesto and Capital, are widely read to this day. Karl Marx died in London on March 14, 1883.
Friedrich Engels
Remembered as Karl Marxs collaborator and the co-founder of communism, Friedrich Engels was born on November 28, 1820, in Barmen, Prussia (now Wuppertal, Germany). His father, a wealthy textile manufacturer, groomed his son for a career in the family trade. Young Friedrich fulfilled this obligation, but not without nurturing his own intellectual and political interests. He spent many years at the familys Manchester factory, where he observed capitalism firsthand, observations that no doubt affected his important work The Condition of the Working Class in England.
The family business allowed Engels to support the impoverished Marx family. Together, Engels and Marx organized revolutionary groups of workers in France, Germany, and Belgium. They also produced the famous
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