World Bank - The World Bank Research program 1996: abstracts of current studies
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The World Bank's research program has four basic objectives:
To support all aspects of Bank operations, including the assessment of development progress in member countries
To broaden understanding of the development process
To improve the Bank's capacity to give policy advice to its members
To help develop indigenous research capacity in member countries.
Research at the Bank encompasses analytical work designed to produce results with wide applica bility across countries or sectors. Bank research, in contrast to academic research, is directed toward recognized and emerging policy issues and is focused on yielding better policy advice. Although motivated by policy problems, Bank research addresses longer-term concerns rather than the imme diate needs of a particular Bank lending operation or of a particular country or sector report. Activities classified as research at the Bank do not, therefore, include the economic and sector work and policy analysis carried out by Bank staff to support operations in particular countries. Economic and sector work and policy studies take the product of research and adapt it to specific projects or country settings, whereas Bank research contributes to the intellectual foundations of future lending opera tions and policy advice. Both activitiesresearch and economic and sector workare critical to the design of successful projects and effective policy.
Copyright 1996 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved. First printing September 1996 Manufactured in the United States of America ISSN 0258-3143 ISBN 0-8213-3577-4
This report has been prepared by the staff of the World Bank. The judgments expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors or of the governments they represent.
Page iii
CONTENTS
Introduction
1
Studies by Subject Area
3
Abstracts of Current Studies
11
Poverty and Social Welfare
13
Labor Markets and Education
34
Environmentally Sustainable Development
49
Infrastructure and Urban Development
69
Macroeconomics
80
International Economics
90
Domestic Finance and Capital Markets
116
Transition Economies
125
Private Sector Development and Public Sector Management
151
Bank Research Output
165
Index of Studies by Department
193
Page 1
INTRODUCTION
The World Bank's lending program and advisory role are grounded in an understanding of the theory and practice of development. This volume, which contains abstracts of current Bank research projects, reflects the continuing contributions of Bank research to this critical knowledge. It describes research projects that address governments' policy concerns, meet the practical needs of Bank operational staff, develop research tools and methods, and construct databases (which are made available to interested researchers in and outside the Bank).
What Is the Impact of Bank Research?
The value and relevance of Bank research were confirmed by a recent assessment of the quality of the Bank's research program and of its influence in the academic and policymaking community. This assessment was part of a broader effort to determine how best to use the Bank's resources for research, driven in part by the 30 percent decline in Bank funding for research between fiscal 1992 and 1996. The results show that Bank research is broad in its coverage, influential among policymakers, and well regarded by researchers, and that published output from Bank research is widely read and heavily used as teaching material. The investigation also identified areas in which efforts need to be strengthened, the scope of research expanded, and the exposition of findings improved. The comments of evaluators participating in the assessment have led to a number of changes in the Bank's processes for designing and conducting research.
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