Danilo Campanella - New Horizons. Europe’s Death and the Birth of a New World

DANILO CAMPANELLA

NEW HORIZONS

EUROPES DEATH AND THE BIRTH OF A NEW WORLD

TRANSLATED BY

Giada Ferioli

TITOLO | New Horizons - Europes death and the birth of a new world

AUTORE | Danilo Campanella

ISBN | 9788831632379

Prima edizione digitale: 2019

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I am writing this from the point of view of a European, of an Italian who, despite his being "provincial" par excellence, finds himself growing within a globalized society. Our culture and our traditions are being forgotten, to give way for market trends and other cultures, those of the East, which will prevail (China and Africa) even for demographic reasons only. This is a rapidly changing society. In particular, European society risks "dying" to make way for something else that will come. We don't really know what. The horizons are still confused. Yet they are getting closer.

European society - increasingly old, sick and tired - is succumbing. Is it destined to death? In this book, thanks to the intervention of some experts, we will see what are the characteristics of the new society in transformation. What are the new horizons we are about to see. The European continent is in crisis. Europe is transforming. The decrease of the young and the increase of the elderly Europeans is leading to an increase in healthcare spending, a career and financial crisis. At the same time, new migration flows are bringing new diseases and new crime. The western and eastern ones are two worlds that meet but due to the rapidity of this meeting, it risks being a clash in which Europe will be defeated by the high African demography and the economic-financial power of China. Not only is Europe changing: the whole world is changing. Lets see how and why.

Our countrys history is made up of lights and shadows. I will try to present both in a series of dossiers that will aim to retrace backwards the past of our Republic, to know it better and to get a cleaner image of all the historical moments and characters that belong in part to the spectrum of the news. This "history" wants to start with the death of a man whose writings have come true in all their crude absurdity, steeped in harsh considerations on the nature and the destiny of our country. Pier Paolo Pasolini was assassinated at the Ostia hydroscale on the night between November 1 to 2, 1975. Like D'Annunzio and Pirandello, he experimented all the genre of the 20th century creation: novel, theater, cinema, non-fiction, literary criticism and poetry. In his main activities of journalist and writer and even under interview, he did not fail to launch his cutting remarks against the world he saw realized in the West, especially in Italy. His radical judgments against bourgeois, consumerist and post-modern society, that Italy that was leaving the genuine peasant world for the mirages of industrial progress, the dialect for Italian, the simple for the complex and the reality for the ideality, brought him not few antipathies, even those of the Communists of which he had ventured into the party only to understand that they too reflected the same "bigoted" and "moralistic" dynamics of the other party forms. Openly gay, this aspect ended up basing his public figure (like the presumed reasons for his death.

Lousy people have lousy critics, while important people have important critics.

On July 8, 1974, Pasolini wrote on the columns of Pese sera two of his "illustrious detractors" with the title "Open Letter to Italo Calvino: what I regret":

Dear Calvin, Maurizio Ferrara says that I regret a "golden age", you say that I regret the "Italietta": everyone says that I regret something, making this regret a negative value and therefore an easy target () Would I regret the "Italietta"? () it is petty-bourgeois, fascist, Christian Democrat; it is provincial and on the edge of history; his culture is a formal and vulgar scholastic humanism. Do you want me to regret all this? (...) On the other hand this "Italietta", as for me, is not over (...) I have said and I repeat that the acculturation of the Consumer Center has destroyed the various Third World cultures (...) to which Italian peasant cultures are profoundly analogous: the cultural model offered to Italians (and to all men of the globe) is unique (...) You will say: men have always been conformists (...) My answer is: yes, men have always been conformist and as similar as possible to each other, but according to their social class. And according to their particular and concrete cultural conditions (regional) within this class distinction. Today instead (and here falls the anthropological "mutation") men are conformist and all equal to one another according to an inter-class code (student equal worker, worker of the North equal worker of the South): at least potentially in the anxious desire to comply.

In the 19th century the birth of a mass society had disturbed the Italian ruling classes, challenging the economic, political and social rules of the liberal society of the 1800s. The birth of a totalitarian states had already weighed on the morals of the people, in that bloody transition from pre-modern peasant society to modern and industrial society, in a tiring and necessary moment of modernization of the state machine which led to a wild acceleration and ended with the war. The post-war period had been the protagonist of the moral and material reconstruction of the national state thanks to the political intervention of the United States and the economic intervention of the Marshall Plan, which allowed the economic recovery in those countries that had been defeated twice. It was up to the Christian Democrats, the heir of the Popular Party of Don Luigi Sturzo, to form the new ruling class of the advancing Italy, moving towards that economic boom that after the '50s will fully launch it into postmodernism, until the predictions of the English monthly "Euromoney" were mentioned in July 1989 by "La Repubblica", that exalt at the height of the economic triumph and of the long-awaited Italian miracle.

But our country was already full of contradictions. We were the only modern nation in which a fascism, runned out in 1945, "returned" in 1994 with a post-fascist party that has inherited its ideology and forms, different from the extreme right forms present in the rest of Europe. Not even the Counter-Reformation is a religious or cultural event, which is aknowledged by the inhabitants of the Peninsula. The persecutions in Valtellina and in the Waldensian valleys are an example of it. In the peasant and ignorant Italy the fears for Marxism and the lack of modernization produced the phenomenon of fascism, with the approval of a power too heavy to impose itself that saw in it the opportunity to preserve its monarchical and industrial interests. But from guard dogs, the fascists became the masters and when the movement had its own life it tried in its own way to do the hardest thing: to train the Italians. They formed them in virilism and through a profoundly, rhetorically and fiercely anti-democratic culture. But instead of becoming a dictatorship, fascism preferred to remain in a comfortable regime, faithful to the transformism of the people who composed it and that in the vast majority of cases came from the people, that ignorant people who -as soon as they arrived in a black shirt to obtain a state or government role - exercised it for its familial interests. The Italians acclaimed fascism and endured it willingly, perhaps because they had never known an authentic freedom: