Monika Davies - Cold War Era

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Readers Guide

1. Explain what you believe was the most

significant event of the Cold War.

2. Name three world leaders who played a role in

the Cold War. How did their actions affect the

Cold War?

3. Explain how the U.S. policy of containment was

used throughout the Cold War.

4. Why do you think the Cold War lasted as long as

it did?

5. Choose a significant event from the Cold War.

Explain how the United States and the Soviet

Unions differing ideologies affected the event.

6. Write an interview with a Cold War leader. Be

sure to base their answers on their ideologies.

COLD WAR

ERA

Monika Davies

Consultant

Jennifer M. Lopez, NBCT, M.S.Ed.

Teacher SpecialistHistory/Social Studies

Office of Curriculum & Instruction

Norfolk Public Schools

Publishing Credits

Rachelle Cracchiolo, M.S.Ed., Publisher

Conni Medina, M.A.Ed., Editor in Chief

Emily R. Smith, M.A.Ed., Content Director

Vronique Bos, Creative Director

Robin Erickson, Art Director

Michelle Jovin, M.A., Associate Editor

Kevin Panter, Senior Graphic Designer

Image Credits: p.4, p.11 (right) Keystone/Getty Images; p.5 (left), p.14 (bottom),

p.20 (bottom left) U.S. Air Force; p.6 (left), p.15 (bottom), p.17 (bottom), p.19 (top),

p.20 (top), p.29 (left) U.S. National Archives; p.6 (right), p.16 (bottom) Department of

Defense; p.8 Bettman/Getty Images; p.9 (top) US Navy/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty

Images; p.9 (middle) Library of Congress [LC-DIG-hec-12925]; p.10 (top left) National

Portrait Gallery; p.10 (bottom right) U.S. Economic Cooperation Administration; p.11

(left) U.S. Agency for International Development; pp.1213 Kahle, Wolfram/ullstein bild

via Getty Images; p.13 (bottom) National Museum of American History; p.14 (left) Fenn-

O-maniC; p.17 (top right) LOC [LC-DIG-ds-0718]; p.17 (center left) Pictures From History/

Newscom; p.18 (top left) World History Archive/Alamy; p.19 (bottom) National Archives

at College Park; p.21 (left) Ralph Crane/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images; p.21

(right) emkaplin/Shutterstock; p.22 (left) Vladimir Gappov/Shutterstock; p.22 (right) U.S.

State Department/JFK Library and Museum, Boston; p.23 (top) LBJ Museum & Library; p.23

(bottom) Corbis via Getty Images; p.24 Imagebroker/Norbert Michalke/Newscom; p.25

(top) Ronald Reagan Library; p.25 (center right) Joyfull/Shutterstock; p.26 (top left) Irena

Iris Szewczyk/Shutterstock; p.26 (top right) Dominique A. Pineiro/AFP/Getty Images; p.27

NASA/Victor Zelentsov; p.32 Gonzalo Malpartida/Flickr; all other images from iStock and/

or Shutterstock.

All companies, websites, and products mentioned in this book are registered

trademarks of their respective owners or developers and are used in this book

strictly for editorial purposes. No commercial claim to their use is made by the

author or the publisher.

5301 Oceanus Drive

Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030

www.tcmpub.com

2020 Teacher Created Materials, Inc.

ISBN 978-1-0876-5491-1

Table of Contents

Two Nations, Sworn Enemies ............. 4

19451948: The Groundwork ............. 6

19481962: Escalation .................. 12

1962: The Peak ........................ 20

19621991: A Slow Thawing ............. 22

Present Day: A Rocky Relationship ....... 26

Tweet It! .............................. 28

Glossary .............................. 30

Index .................................31

Your Turn! ............................ 32

Two Nations, Sworn Enemies

It was the United States versus the Soviet Union. The two

countries once worked together. However, that changed

after World War II. Around 1947, they became enemies.

This conflict was called the Cold War. It spanned more

than 40years. The Cold War is the longest standoff between

major nations in modern history.

Soviet trucks carry missiles past a

poster of Soviet Unions first leader.

The Cold War stemmed from the two nations

opposing ideologies . The Soviet Union was

a communist country. This was at odds with

the United States belief in democracy. Both

countries wanted to be the strongest. They

gathered allies, or partners. They strengthened

their defenses and built nuclear weapons . Both

nations tried to influence other countries too.

It often seemed that the two countries were at the

edge of war. But in the end, total war was avoided.

Instead, the nations battled one another in smaller

conflicts around the globe. This rivalry went on to

affect the countries foreign policies and economies

for years to come.

Communism

The Soviet Union practiced a type

of communism. Communism is

based on the belief that all people

should get the same things. No one

should suffer while someone else

succeeds. In the Soviet Union, the

government controlled property. The

government was in charge of most

means of production. The Soviet

government also controlled all the

natural resources of the country.

Democracy

The United States practices

a type of democracy. In the

United States, people choose

their own leaders. People

have the right to vote. In a

true democracy, everyone

has the same human

rights and freedoms. All

laws should apply to

people equally.

a U.S. Air Force plane

19451948:

The Groundwork

Churchills

Curtain

The phrase iron curtain

was often used during

this time. A former British

leader named Winston

Churchill was the first to

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