Angela Williams - Drug Abuse Sourcebook: Health Reference Series

Drug Abuse

SOURCEBOOK

Sixth Edition

Health Reference Series

Drug Abuse

SOURCEBOOK

Sixth Edition

Basic Consumer Health Information about the Abuse of Cocaine, Club Drugs, Marijuana, Inhalants, Heroin, Hallucinogens, and Other Illicit Substances and the Misuse of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications

Along with Facts and Statistics about Drug Use and Addiction, Treatment and Recovery, Drug Testing, Drug-Abuse Prevention and Intervention, Glossaries of Related Terms, and Directories of Resources for Additional Help and Information

615 Griswold, Ste. 901, Detroit, MI 48226

Bibliographic Note

Because this page cannot legibly accommodate all the copyright notices, the Bibliographic Note portion of the Preface constitutes an extension of the copyright notice.

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OMNIGRAPHICS

Angela L. Williams, Managing Editor

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Copyright 2019 Omnigraphics

ISBN 978-0-7808-1683-1

E-ISBN 978-0-7808-1684-8

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Title: Drug abuse sourcebook: basic consumer health information about the abuse of cocaine, club drugs, marijuana, inhalants, heroin, hallucinogens, and other illicit substances and the misuse of prescription and over-the-counter medications; along with facts and statistics about drug use and addiction, treatment and recovery, drug testing, drug abuse prevention and intervention, glossaries of related terms, and directories of resources for additional help and information / Angela Williams, managing editor.

Description: Sixth edition. | Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2018057794| ISBN 9780780816831 (hard cover: alk. paper) | ISBN 9780780816848 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: Drug abuse--Prevention--Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Drug abuse--Treatment--Handbooks, manuals, etc. | Drug addiction--Treatment--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Classification: LCC HV5801.D724 2019 | DDC 362.29--dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018057794

Electronic or mechanical reproduction, including photography, recording, or any other information storage and retrieval system for the purpose of resale is strictly prohibited without permission in writing from the publisher.

The information in this publication was compiled from the sources cited and from other sources considered reliable. While every possible effort has been made to ensure reliability, the publisher will not assume liability for damages caused by inaccuracies in the data, and makes no warranty, express or implied, on the accuracy of the information contained herein.

This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the ANSI Z39.48 Standard. The infinity symbol that appears above indicates that the paper in this book meets that standard.

Printed in the United States

Preface

About This Book

Drug abuse remains a growing problem in the United States. A survey conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) found that an estimated 24.6 million Americans ages 12 or older9.4 percent of the populationhad used an illicit drug or abused a prescription medication. This figure represented an increase from previous years mainly due to the widespread prevalence of marijuana use and increasing prescription drug misuse. There are spots of good news, however. The same survey also found that the abuse of other illicit drugs, such as heroin and cocaine, had decreased in recent years. Nevertheless, the medical, social, and familial costs of substance use are enormousnearly $740 billion a year according to the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ).

Drug Abuse Sourcebook, Sixth Edition provides updated information about the abuse of illegal drugs and the misuse of prescription and over-the-counter medications. It offers facts and statistics related to U.S. drug-using populations and presents details about specific drugs of abuse, including their health-related consequences, addiction potential, and other harms to individuals, their families, and communities. Drug treatment and recovery options are discussed, along with information on drug testing and drug-use prevention strategies for parents, employers, individuals, and others seeking help for themselves or a loved one. The book concludes with glossaries of terms related to drug abuse and directories of resources for additional help and information.

How to Use This Book

This book is divided into parts and chapters. Parts focus on broad areas of interest. Chapters are devoted to single topics within a part.

presents core data regarding the drug abuse problem, detailing the prevalence of drug abuse and the costs to society in terms of medical care, hospitalization, social consequences, and treatment outcomes. It also discusses federal regulation of prescriptions, laws pertaining to illegal and legal drugs, and the current debate over medical and legalized marijuana.

describes drug use initiation and the effects of drug abuse on various groups of people, including children, adolescents, and women. It also addresses different social factors affecting drug abuse, such as socioeconomic or employment status, and it considers drug use in inmate, veteran, senior, and disabled populations.

provides facts about illicit and misused substances, such as performance enhancers, cannabinoids, inhalants, hallucinogens, narcotics, sedatives, and stimulants, including anabolic steroids, marijuana, Rohypnol, ecstasy (MDMA), LSD, heroin, hydrocodone, cocaine, methamphetamine, and many others. The part concludes with information about new and emerging drugs of abuse.

explains the science behind addiction and what is known about the risk factors that can lead to drug dependency. Concerns related to coexisting alcohol problems or multidrug use are addressed, and the medical, legal, financial, and social ramifications of drug abuse are discussed. The part also looks at the connection between substance abuse and infectious diseases, and it addresses related mental-health issues, including suicide ideation.

offers suggestions for recognizing the existence of a drug problem and options for taking steps toward achieving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including first aid, intervention, and detoxification. It provides details about various treatment approaches and reports on strategies for sustaining recovery. The part also discusses the legal rights of those in recovery and concerns related to the criminal-justice system.

home. It discusses the influence of parents on their childrens choices related to drug abuse, and it addresses concerns about preventing drug abuse in the workplace. Drug testing is discussed in detail, and federal drug-abuse prevention campaigns are described.

provides resources for readers seeking further assistance. It includes a glossary of terms related to drug abuse and a listing of street terms for common drugs of abuse. It concludes with directories of state substance abuse agencies and other organizations providing resources on drug abuse and addiction.

Bibliographic Note

This volume contains documents and excerpts from publications issued by the following U.S. government agencies: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS); DEA Diversion Control Division; Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Get Smart About Drugs; Just Think Twice; National Cancer Institute (NCI); National Institute of Justice (NIJ); National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA); National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) for Teens; Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (ODPHP); Office on Womens Health (OWH); Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA); U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS); U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA); and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).