Parliaments in South Asia
This book explores the development, decline and resurgence of parliaments in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Although the three parliaments formally have a common origin and follow almost similar rules and procedures, substantial variations can be observed in their behavior.
By analyzing the nature of membership, processes of legislation and oversight of the executive, the book assesses the impact of Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi parliaments. In addition to identifying the ways in which different institutional actors, particularly the parliament and the judiciary, define their roles and relationships, the book investigates the role of committees and the significance and effect of female legislators. While showing that the parliament in India has had a steady growth since its inception, notwithstanding the allegation that it has declined in recent years, the author also demonstrates the differential performance of the parliaments in Bangladesh and Pakistan. In particular, the parliament in Pakistan is shown to likely be able to upgrade its status from a minimal to at least a marginal legislature, while the Bangladesh parliament risks becoming a minimal legislature.
A valuable resource to use when comparing strategies and outcomes of postcolonial developments in the operation of parliaments, this book will be of interest to academics in the field of political and economic development, governance and South Asian Studies.
Nizam Ahmed is Professor of Public Administration at the University of Chittagong, Bangladesh. His recent publications include Public Policy and Governance in Bangladesh (Routledge, 2016) and The Parliament of Bangladesh (Routledge Revivals, 2017).
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Parliaments in South Asia
India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
Nizam Ahmed
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/asianstudies/series/RSSAP
Parliaments in South Asia
India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
Nizam Ahmed
First published 2020
by Routledge
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2020 Nizam Ahmed
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ISBN: 978-1-138-61116-0 (hbk)
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To Azaan
A wonderful source of joy and inspiration
AD | Appellate Division |
AL | Awami League |
BDs | Basic Democrats |
BJP | Bharatiya Janata Party |
BKSAL | Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League |
BNP | Bangladesh Nationalist Party |
BPC | Basic Principles Committee |
CA | Constituent Assembly |
CAC | Center for Analysis and Choice |
CAD | Constituent Assembly Debates |
CAM | Call-Attention Motion |
CGA | Committee on Government Assurances |
CPI | Communist Party of India |
CPMBR | Committee on Private Members Bills and Resolutions |
DSC | Department-Related Standing Committee |
DSMNA | Direct-Seat Member of National Assembly |
DSWP | Direct-Seat Women Parliamentarian |
FAFEN | Free and Fair Election Network |
FATA | Federally Administered Tribal Areas |
FGD | Focus Group Discussion |
GG | Governor General |
HCD | High Court Division |
INC | Indian National Congress |
IPU | Inter-Parliamentary Union |
JI | Jamaat Islami |
JIB | Jamaat-i-Islami Bangladesh |
JP | Jatiya Party |
LA | Legislative Assembly |
ML | Muslim League |
MLA | Member of Legislative Assembly |
MNA | Member of National Assembly |
MP | Member of Parliament |
MQM | Muttahida Qaumi Movement |
NDA | National Democratic Alliance |
NPCG | Non-Party Caretaker Government |
NTN | National Tax Number |
PAC | Public Accounts Committee |
PM | Prime Minster |
PMBs | Private Members Bills |
PML (N) | Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) |
PMQT | Prime Ministers Question Time |
PNA | Pakistan National Assembly |
PPPP | Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarian |
PSDP | Public Sector Development Program |
PTI | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf |
RSMNA | Reserved-Seat Member of National Assembly |
RSWP | Reserved-Seat Women Parliamentarian |
UPA | United Progressive Alliance |
UZP | Upazila Parishad |
ZP | Zilla Parishad |
This book seeks to provide a comparative account of the organization and working of parliaments in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The three countries, which were once united, have had familiarity with parliaments for a longer period of time than many countries of the world. All share a common history; all were under colonial rule for a substantial period of time. India and Pakistan became two independent states after the partition of united India in 1947. Bangladesh, which formed part of Pakistan for nearly a quarter of a century, emerged as a sovereign country after nine months of war in 1971. All three, at their independence, began with a parliamentary system of government patterned on the Westminster model. The model has survived in India for more than seven decades without any serious challenge, although critics often allege that its role has gradually declined in Indias political system. The other two countries have experimented with different systems of governmentmultiparty parliamentary system, one-party presidential government, military rule, and multiparty presidential system. Both have now reintroduced the multiparty parliamentary system and adopted several measures for parliament strengthening and democracy deepening.