Stanislao G. Pugliese - Fascism, Anti-Fascism, and the Resistance in Italy: 1919 to the Present

The scholarship on fascism and anti-fascism in Italian is vast; hence, this list is limited to texts in English. In addition to the books mentioned here, more specialized works may be found after some of the documents included in the volume.

Useful research tools are Philip V. Cannistraro, ed., Historical Dictionary of Fascist Italy (Westport, Conn: Greenwood, 1982); and James Tasato Mellone, ed., Fascist Italy: A Bibliography of Works in English (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 2003). The Journal of Modern Italian Studies and Modern Italy are excellent sources of scholarly articles.

Excellent general and comparative studies of fascism include Roger Eatwell, Fascism: A History (New York: Penguin, 1995); Walter Lacqueur, Fascism: Past, Present, Future (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996); Stanley G. Payne, A Histozy of Fascism, 1914-1945 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995); Alexander J. De Grand, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: The Fascist Style of Rule (London: Routledge, 1995); Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany: Comparisons and Contrasts , ed. Richard Bessel (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996); Paul Brooker, The Faces of Fraternalism: Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan (Oxford: Clarendon; New York: Oxford University Press, 1991).

On Italian fascism, see G. A. Borgese, Goliath: The March of Fascism (New York: Viking, 1937); John Whittam, Fascist Italy (Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1995); John F. Pollard, The Fascist Experience in Italy (London: Routledge, 1998); Philip Morgan, Italian Fascism, 1919-1945 (Houndmills, U.K.: Macmillan, 1995); Martin Blinkhorn, Mussolini and Fascist. Italy (London: Routledge, 1994); Mark Robson, Italy, Liberalism and Fascism 1870-1945 (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1992); Edward Tannenbaum, The Fascist Experience: Italian Society and Cultura, 1922-1945 (New York: Basic Books, 1972). Indispensable for the historical and intellectual context is Norberto Bobbio, Ideological Profile of Twentieth-Century Italy, trans. Lydia G. Cochrane (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1995).

For early fascism and local studies, see Alexander J. De Grand, The Italian Nationalist Association and the Rise of Fascism in Italy (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1978); Adrian Lyttelton, The Seizure of Power: Fascism in Italy, 1919-1929 (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987); David Roberts, The Syndicalist Tradition and Italian Fascism (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1979); Anthony L. Cardoza, Agrarian Elites and Italian Fascism: The Province of Bologna, 1901-1926 (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1982); Jonathan Dunnage, The Italian Police and the Rise of Fascism: A Case Study of the Province of Bologna, 1897-1925 (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1997); Alice A. Kelikian, Town and Country under Fascism: The Transformation of Brescia, 1915-1926 (Oxford: Clarendon; New York: Oxford University Press, 1986); Paul Corner, Fascism in Ferrara, 1915-1925 (London: Oxford University Press, 1975); Alexander De Grand, Italian Fascism: Its Origins and Development (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982); Frank M. Snowden, Violence and Great Estates in the South of Italy: Apulia, 1900-1922 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986); David D. Roberts, The Syndicalist Tradition and Italian Fascism (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1979).

For documents, see the reader edited by Roger Griffin, Fascism (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995); Charles F. Delzell, ed., Mediterranean Fascism, 1919-1945 (New York: Macmillan, 1970); Shepard B. Clough and Salvatore Saladino, A History of Modern Italy: Documents, Readings, Commentary (New York: Columbia University Press, 1968); and Jeffrey T. Schnapp, ed., A Primer of Italian Fascism (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000).

Biographies of Mussolini include R. J. B. Bosworth, Mussolini (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002); Denis Mack Smith, Mussolini: A Biography (New York: Knopf, 1982); Jasper Ridley, Mussolini: A Biography (New York: St. Martins, 1998). Older studies in English include Laura Fermi (the Jewish wife of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Enrico Fermi), Mussolini (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961); James A. Gregor, Young Mussolini and the Intellectual Origins of Fascism (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979); Ivone Kirkpatrick, Mussolini: A Study in Power (New York: Hawthorne, 1964); Richard B. Lyttle, Il Duce: The Rise and Fall of Benito Mussolini (New York: Atheneum, 1987); D. G. Williamson, Mussolini: From Socialist to Fascist (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1997); Richard Lamb, Mussolini and the British (London: Murray, 1997); Christopher Hibbert, Benito Mussolini, a Biography (London: Longmans, 1962); George Seldes, Sawdust Caesar: The Untold History of Mussolini and Fascism (New York: Harper, 1935) Gaudens Megaro, Mussolini in the Making (London: Allen & Unwin, 1938); Richard Collier, Duce! The Rise and Fall of Benito Mussolini (London: Collins, 1971). Of interest for historical reasons are Margherita Grassini Sarfatti, The Life of Benito Mussolini, with a preface by Benito Mussolini, trans. Frederic Whyte (London: Butterworth, 1925); Rachele Mussolini, Mussolini: An Intimate Biography by His Widow, as told to Albert Zarca (New York: Morrow, 1974); Benito Mussolini, My Autobiography (New York: Scribners, 1928); and Benito Mussolini, My Rise and Fall (New York: Da Capo, 1998). The most recent biography is Peter Nevilles Mussolini (London: Routledge, 2003).