Literary Classics of the United States, Inc., New York, N.Y.
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quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.
Massachusetts Historical Society.
Images of diaries courtesy Collection of the Massachusetts Historical Society.
First: diary for February 9, 1825. Second: diary for January 1, 1838.
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A Diary is the Time Piece of Life, and will never fail of keeping Time, or of getting out of order with it. A Diary if honestly kept is one of the best preservatives of Morals. A man who commits to paper from day to day the employment of his time, the places he frequents, the persons with whom he converses, the actions with which he is occupied, will have a perpetual guard over himself. His Record is a second Conscience.
John Quincy Adams to George Washington Adams,
November 28, 1827
J OHN Q UINCY A DAMS s diary is one of the most extraordinary works in American literature. Begun in 1779, when Adams was twelve, it was maintained more or less faithfully until his death almost seventy years later, and extends over fifty manuscript volumes and more than fourteen thousand closely written pages, including an unbroken string of daily observance spanning more than twenty-six years. Its entries, which range from five hundred to five thousand words or more, record the events of Adamss public and private lives, including detailed accounts, sometimes verbatim transcripts, of cabinet meetings, diplomatic interviews, congressional debates, dinner conversations, and social calls; incisive character sketches of presidents and princes; painful confessions of anxiety about his own shortcomings, and about the welfare of his family; reflections on sermons he heard and books he read; experiments in verse and translation; theater reviews; and scientific and natural observations. The devotion with which Adams maintained his diary, even when the press of events made doing so burdensome, suggests that it served a number of essential purposes for him, as a confessional, an aide-mmoir, and a proving ground for his thoughts on everything from public policy to philosophy.
This Library of America volume, the second of a two-volume set, presents a selection of diary entries from March 1821, the beginning of the second term of President James Monroe, under whom Adams served as secretary of state, to February 20, 1848, just three days before Adamss death, when he made his final entry, a brief poem written for a youthful admirer. Daily entries, when possible, are presented in full. In some, certain passages, especially such recurring features of the diary as meteorological observations, records of social visits received and returned, and accounts of bills paid and due, have been cut for space and to avoid repetition. Resulting breaks within an entry, or at the end of an entry followed by the next days entry, are indicated with the symbol. All other breaks are indicated with a small centered rule line. An asterisk at the beginning of an entry indicates that it was recorded by an amanuensis. The Note on the Texts in this volume offers more information on the history of the diaries and on the textual policy followed in this edition.
A NOTE ON IDENTIFICATION : Adamss diary records his interactions with or reflections on a very large cast of characters. Where these individuals are referred to by surname, identification is provided in the Index. Where they are designated only by their first names, or where additional explanation is warranted, they are identified in the Notes.
18211825
Secretary of State
[March 1821]
4. VII. Sunday And the Commencement of the second term of the Administration of James Monroe, fifth President of the United States. But the Administration of the Official Oath, which the Constitution prescribes that he shall take before he enter on the Execution of his Office, being postponed till to-morrow this day was a sort of interregnum, during which there was no person qualified to Act as President; an event of no importance now, but which might be far otherwise under supposable circumstances. I attended Church at the Treasury building, where a very small Society of Presbyterians now meet, who are building a Church There were two officiating Clergymen; Mr. Campbell the Chaplain of the late House of Representatives, and a Mr. Van Coop Campbell is a man of talents and eloquence, but has some disagreeable peculiarities of manner T. Cook and Dr. Thornton called at my house after Church. I spent the Evening at home writing.
5. V:15. Second inauguration of James Monroe as President of the United States The arrangements were made at the Hall of the House of Representatives, by . The President and his family were there, but retired before supper We came home immediately after, and finished a fatiguing and bustling day about Midnight.
9. VI. Mr. Clay called at the Office He is pressing upon the President, his claim for a half outfit for the Negotiation of the commercial Convention of 3 July 1815 with Great-Britain. I told him I thought it could not be allowed, without a special appropriation for it by Congress, to which he said he did not know that he should have any objection. But he wants the money now. Clay is one of the Commissioners for taking my Answers to interrogatories in against W. D. Lewis. I agreed if I could have them ready in time to call at the Capitol, where he is in attendance on the Supreme Court, and be sworn to them, Monday or Tuesday. I had some conversation with him on political topics, and on his own present retirement from public life. I asked him if it would be consistent with his views, in case there should within two or three years be a vacancy in any of the Missions abroad, to accept an appointment to it He said he was obliged to me for the question, but it would not The state of his private affairs, and his duty to his family had dictated to him the determination of a temporary retirement from the public Service. But by a liberal arrangement with him, the Bank of the United States had engaged him as their standing Counsel in the States of Kentucky and Ohio. He expected that in the course of three or four years this would relieve him from all the engagements in which he had been involved and enable him to return to the Public Service In that case he should prefer over all others the Station from which he had just retired, a Seat in the House of Representatives, because that would be the place where he could hope to render the most useful service, to the Country. But he said he considered the situation of our Public Affairs now, as very critical and dangerous to the Administration Mr. Monroe had just been re-elected with apparent unanimity; but he had not the slightest influence in Congress His Career was considered as closed There was nothing further to be expected by him or from him. Looking at Congress, they were a collection of