Wilson Michael P. - Doing Research in Emergency and Acute Care

1. Chapter 04
2. Chapter 05
3. Chapter 11
4. Chapter 12
5. Chapter 17
6. Chapter 26
7. Chapter 27
8. Chapter 28
9. Chapter 30
10. Chapter 32
11. Chapter 33

1. Chapter 05
2. Chapter 07
3. Chapter 10
4. Chapter 11
5. Chapter 12
6. Chapter 14
7. Chapter 20
8. Chapter 22
9. Chapter 27
10. Chapter 28
11. Chapter 29
12. Chapter 30
13. Chapter 31
14. Chapter 32
15. Chapter 33
16. Chapter 36
17. Chapter 37

EDITED BY

Michael P. Wilson

UC San Diego Health Systems
Department of Emergency Medicine
Director of the Department of Emergency Medicine Behavioral Emergencies Research Lab, CA, USA

Kama Z. Guluma

Clinical Professor of Emergency Medicine and Research
Education Coordinator, UC San Diego Health Systems
Department of Emergency Medicine, CA, USA

Stephen R. Hayden

Professor in the UC San Diego Health Systems
Department of Emergency Medicine, CA, USA

This edition first published 2016 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Registered Office
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK

Editorial Offices
9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA

For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell

The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.

Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought.

The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specific method, diagnosis, or treatment by health science practitioners for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Doing research in emergency and acute care : making order out of chaos / editors, Michael P. Wilson, Kama Z. Guluma, Stephen R. Hayden.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-118-64348-8 (pbk.)
I.Wilson, Michael P., 1969, editor.II.Guluma, Kama, editor.III.Hayden, Stephen, 1961, editor.[DNLM:1.Biomedical Researchmethods.2.Emergency Medicine.3.Critical Care.4.Research Design. WB 105]
R850
610.724dc23

2015015487

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.

Deirdre Anglin, MD, MPH
Professor of Emergency Medicine
Department of Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Jonathan Auten, DO
Assistant Professor of Military and Emergency Medicine
F Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD;
Attending Physician,
Department of Emergency Medicine, Naval Medicine Center, San Diego, CA, USA

Zubair Bayat
Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

Jesse J. Brennan, MA
Senior Research Scientist
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

Ashleigh Campillo, BS
UCSD Department of Emergency Medicine Behavioral Emergencies Research (DEMBER) laboratory, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA

Christopher R. Carpenter, MD, MSc
Associate Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine;
Director of Evidence Based Medicine
Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA

Daniel del Portal, MD, FAAEM
Assistant Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine
Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphia, PA, USA

Edward M. Castillo, PhD, MPH
Associate Adjunct Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA

Richard F. Clark, MD, FACEP
Professor of Emergency Medicine
Director, Division of Medical Toxicology
UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA

Christopher J. Coyne, MD
Clinical Research Fellow
UCSD Department of Emergency Medicine, UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, USA

Zachary D.W. Dezman, MD, MS
Clinical Instructor
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

Louise Falzon, BA, PGDipInf
Information Specialist
Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Medical Center, NY, USA

Gary Gaddis, MD, PhD
St. Lukes/Missouri Endowed Chair in Emergency Medicine