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Bright Summaries - Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens (Book Analysis): Detailed Summary, Analysis and Reading Guide

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Bright Summaries Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens (Book Analysis): Detailed Summary, Analysis and Reading Guide
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Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens (Book Analysis): Detailed Summary, Analysis and Reading Guide: summary, description and annotation

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Unlock the more straightforward side of Oliver Twist with this concise and insightful summary and analysis!

This engaging summary presents an analysis of Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens, which is still a classic of English literature today. This gripping novel tells the story of a good-hearted orphan whose fate is in the hands of untrustworthy people and he has to quickly learn how to survive in London, dodging criminals and police alike. The novel is renowned for its truthful portrayal of the cruel treatment of orphans during the mid-19th century and Dickens criticises child labour and describes the plight of street children. Oliver Twist has since been turned into a musical, which has been performed on Broadway and in the West End, as well as a multi-Academy Award winning film starring Ron Moody.
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This in-depth and informative reading guide brings you:
  • A complete plot summary
    • Character studies
    • Key themes and symbols
    • Questions for further reflection
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    Charles Dickens British novelist Born in P - photo 1
    Charles Dickens British novelist Born in Portsmouth England in 1812 Died - photo 2
    Charles Dickens British novelist Born in Portsmouth England in 1812 Died - photo 3
    Charles Dickens
    British novelist
    • Born in Portsmouth (England) in 1812
    • Died near Rochester in 1872
    • Notable works:
      • A Christmas Carol (1843), novel
      • David Copperfield (1849), novel
      • Great Expectations (1861), novel

    Born in 1812, Charles Dickens was a British author. His novels, which belong to canonical literature, often depict the society of his time and denounce the injustices undergone by the poor and vulnerable people. They often focus on a character who had a sad childhood and who, through his courage and tenacity, manages to escape his miserable condition and become a respectable adult, like in David Copperfield (1849) and Great Expectations (1861).

    Oliver Twist
    A classic of British literature
    • Genre: novel
    • Reference edition: Dickens, C. (2008) Oliver Twist . Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • First edition: 1837
    • Themes: orphancy, delinquency, injustice, irony, poverty, London

    First released as a serial in a magazine, Oliver Twist was published in 1837. It was Dickens second novel and tells the adventures of the eponymous hero who, an orphan at birth and mistreated during his childhood, joins a group of young pickpockets in London. The story slowly takes the form of an investigation, as it gradually becomes clear that Oliver is being kept in poverty by a group of ill-intentioned people who want to deprive him of his inheritance.

    Nowadays, Oliver Twist is considered a classic of British literature and is read all over the world.

    Summary
    The authors preface

    Charles Dickens explains his intentions: he wishes the novel to be a service to society and to tell the stern and plain truth: in showing the horror of the life of a thief, he wants to bypass appearances and show that this kind of existence is not the result of the peoples nature, but rather of the way society treats the weakest people.

    The novel is divided into 53 chapters, which have been regrouped in this summary according to the stages of Olivers life, in order to be as clear as possible.

    N.B.: Each chapter is introduced by a short sentence which describes the action that will be told in it, a tradition inherited from the English novelists of the 18th century.

    First stage the unhappy childhood and the escape (Chapters 1-8)

    Oliver Twists birth is described. He is left an orphan. He spends an unhappy childhood, first at Mrs. Manns, then at Mr. Sowerberrys. He ends up running away after a fight provoked by Noah Claypole. Upon his arrival in London, he meets Jack Dawkins, also known as the Artful Dodger, who introduces him to Fagin.

    Second stage London and the fight between poverty and human goodness (Chapters 9-36)

    Oliver makes the acquaintance of Fagin and his group. Naively, he wishes to work with them, and ends up being caught by a policeman for a theft he didnt commit. For the first time in his life, Oliver is well-taken care of at Mr. Brownlows, as the gentleman took him in after the theft. Fagin and his gang want to get him back and send Nancy to kidnap him. Oliver reluctantly re-enters the gang of pickpockets. Fagin sends him to Sikes. They meet with Toby Crackit and Barney who have the boy enter a big house to burgle it. The attempt is short-lived: two men fire at Oliver. Bumble speaks with Mrs. Corney, the elderly matron of the workhouse, and discusses why they should marry; she accepts. Mrs. Corney stands by the side of a dying employee of the workhouse, who confesses having stolen a locket from a young woman who was giving birth.

    As for Sikes and Toby, they tell Fagin about the failure of their operation: while fleeing, they abandoned Oliver in a ditch. Fagin tries to find him again: he asks Monks, another criminal, for information.

    Oliver wakes up in a ditch the next morning. He arrives in front of the house he had to enter the day before and is taken in by a young woman, Rose Maylie. While Oliver is put to bed and tended to, the inhabitants wonder what they should do with him and call the police. But Oliver is cleared and slowly gets better.

    He is brought to the countryside with Rose to get better, and stays there for three months, for his utter happiness. Rose, who is seriously ill, finally triumphs over her illness.

    Harry Maylie, Mrs. Maylies son, wishes to marry Rose, but his mother reminds him of the fact that her name is tarnished and that their marriage might suffer because of it. Harry declares his love to Rose, who loves him too but refuses to marry him because of her past and her lack of dowry.

    As for Oliver, he believes he has been spotted by Fagin and one of his men.

    Third stage Mystery, trickery and manipulation (Chapters 37-48)

    Bumble, who has become the master Beadle of the workhouse, receives a visit from a strange man (Monks) who wishes to obtain information about the birth of a child at the workhouse. Monks buys back the medallion which belonged to Olivers mother from Bumble, which bears the name Agnes, and gets rid of it. He tells this to Fagin and Nancy goes looking for Rose Maylie.

    Nancy reveals to Rose the plans of Monks, who would be Olivers brother and planning to deprive him of his inheritance. Rose goes to find Mr. Brownlow; with him, Doctor Losberne and Mrs. Maylie, they decide to do all they can to help Oliver.

    Noah Claypole and Charlotte arrive in London. Noah is in charge of getting news of the Dodger, who has been arrested, then to follow Nancy. He attends the nighttime meeting between Nancy, Brownlow and Rose: Nancy describes Monks, which rekindles some of Brownlows memories.

    Feeling betrayed, Sikes kills Nancy and flees after the murder.

    Fourth stage revelations and resolution

    Brownlow has Monks captured: his real name is Edward Leeford, he is Oliver Twists half-brother. Their father was Brownlows friend.

    Oliver learns that he is the son of Edwin Leeford and his young mistress Agnes Fleming. Monks had been tasked by his dying mother to find Leefords illegitimate descendant and to make sure that he would never come asking for his part of the inheritance. As for Rose, she is Agnes younger sister. All these revelations lead to Rose and Harrys marriage. This good news is interrupted by the news of Dicks death, Olivers childhood friend.

    The culprits are punished: Sikes dies as he tries to flee and Fagin is sent to prison.

    This epilogue shows the situation of the characters after the resolution: the inheritance, which is not very large, is divided between Oliver and Monks, the latter of whom quickly squanders it and dies somewhere in America. Oliver is adopted by Mr. Brownlow; Grimwig and Losberne become friends, Noah Claypole becomes an informant for the police and the Bumbles lose their jobs.

    Character study
    Oliver Twist

    He is the eponymous hero of the novel. An orphan from birth, he grows up at Mrs. Manns, the owner of a baby farm who mistreats and underfeeds him. When he is 9, Bumble takes him away and puts him to work at his workhouse, then at the Sowerberrys.

    Oliver flees and arrives in London, where he falls into the hands of Fagins gang: he is a good and nave boy, whose tender face reflects his generous character, and who is too trusting of the characters he meets. It is only after the episode of the attempted burglary at the Maylies that he becomes aware of the seriousness of the gangs activities.

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