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Kevin M. Cleaver - Rural Development Strategies for Poverty Reduction and Environmental Protection in Sub-Saharan Africa (Directions in Development (Washington, D.C.).)

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title Rural Development Strategies for Poverty Reduction and Environmental - photo 1

title:Rural Development Strategies for Poverty Reduction and Environmental Protection in Sub-Saharan Africa Directions in Development (Washington, D.C.)
author:Cleaver, Kevin M.
publisher:World Bank
isbn10 | asin:082133977X
print isbn13:9780821339770
ebook isbn13:9780585233895
language:English
subjectRural development--Economic aspects--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Rural development--Environmental aspects--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Agricultural assistance--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Agriculture and state--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Rural poor--Africa, Sub-Saharan.
publication date:1997
lcc:HN780.Z9C6297 1997eb
ddc:307.1/412/0967
subject:Rural development--Economic aspects--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Rural development--Environmental aspects--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Agricultural assistance--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Agriculture and state--Africa, Sub-Saharan, Rural poor--Africa, Sub-Saharan.
Page i
DIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENT
Rural Development Strategies for Poverty Reduction and Environmental Protection in Sub-Saharan Africa
Kevin Cleaver
The World Bank
Washington, D.C.
Page ii
1997 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK
1818 H Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20433
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
First printing July 1997
The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this study are entirely those of the author and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to the members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent.
Cover photo: Curt Carnemark, The World Bank
Kevin Cleaver is technical director, Africa Region, The World Bank.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cleaver, Kevin M.
Rural development strategies for poverty reduction and
environmental protection in Sub-Saharan Africa / Kevin Cleaver.
p. cm. (Directions in development)
Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
ISBN 0-8213-3977-X
1. Rural developmentEconomic aspectsAfrica, Sub-Saharan.
2. Rural developmentEnvironmental aspectsAfrica, Sub-Saharan.
3. Agricultural assistanceAfrica, Sub-Saharan. 4. Agriculture and
stateAfrica, Sub-Saharan. 5. Rural poorAfrica, Sub-Saharan.
I. Title. II. Series: Directions in development (Washington, D.C.)
HN780.Z9C6297 1997
307.1'412'0967dc21 97-28449
CIP
Page iii
Contents
Foreword
v
Preface
vii
1
Rural Poverty, Environmental Concerns, and Agricultural Growth
1
Picture 2
Indirect Benefits of Agricultural Growth
1
Picture 3
How Has African Agriculture Performed?
2
2
Early Strategy for Dealing with Rural Development
4
Picture 4
Integrated Rural Development (IRD) Projects
4
Picture 5
Single Crop Development Projects
5
Picture 6
Agricultural Credit Projects
5
Picture 7
Free-Standing Agricultural Services
5
Picture 8
Irrigation Projects
5
Picture 9
Rural Schools and Health Facilities
6
3
What Was the Impact?
7
4
A Change in Approach
12
Picture 10
Notes
14
5
Is the New Strategy Working?
15
Picture 11
Conclusions from the Data
20
6
Weaknesses in the New Strategy
22
Picture 12
Notes
25
7
Adjustments Needed in the Development Strategy
26
Picture 13
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