Experiment
with
a
Plants
Roots
Nadia Higgins
Copyright 2015 by Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
Content Consultant: Dr. Norm Lownds, Curator, Michigan 4-H Children's Gardens
All rights reserved. International copyright secured. No part of this book may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any meanselectronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwisewithout the prior written permission of Lerner Publishing
Group, Inc., except for the inclusion of brief quotations in an acknowledged review.
Lerner Publications Company
A division of Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
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Minneapolis, MN 55401 USA
For reading levels and more information, look up this title at www.lernerbooks.com.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Higgins, Nadia.
Experiment with a plant's roots / by Nadia Higgins.
pages cm. (Lightning bolt books Plant experiments)
Includes index.
ISBN 9781467757294 (lib. bdg. : alk. paper)
ISBN 9781467762434 (eBook)
1. Roots (Botany)Juvenile literature. 2. PlantsExperimentsJuvenile literature. I. Title.
II. Series: Lightning bolt books. Plant experiments.
QK644.H59 2015
581.498dc23
2014017738
Manufactured in the United States of America
1 BP 12/31/14
Table
of
Contents
Observe Like
a Scientist
How
Much
of a
Plant
Is
Roots?
A giant oak trees branches
stretch into the sky. But did
you know you are seeing only
part of the tree? Underground,
the oaks roots may spread even
farther than the branches.
An oak tree can have
many branches. But
it also has many roots
buried underground.
Roots are an important
plant part. They take
in water and minerals
from the soil. They
hold the plant in the
ground. Roots also
store food for the plant.
A dandelion has a
long, thick root.
An oak trees root system is
very big. But how much of a
backyard weed do you think
is hidden in the soil? Make
a prediction.
Nowletsexperimenttofindoutifyouwereright!
Trees have lots of
roots that spread out.
What you need:
scissors
pencil
and
paper
shovel
ruler
two different weeds
(crabgrass and
dandelions work well)
Steps:
With an adults help, dig up two
different weeds.
Shake off all the dirt from the
roots. Rinse the roots with water if
you need to.
Crabgrass and dandelions are
good weeds for this experiment.
Ask an adult to help you find
weeds that are safe to dig up.
Cut the roots off the weeds.
Measure the length of the roots.
Now measure the top
of each plant.
Record your
results.
Is the root or the top
of this dandelion longer?
Now put your results in a chart.
Was your prediction correct?
Think It Through
Are the weed tops or the
roots longer? Are you
surprised by how much of
a plant is underground?
Your chart should list the
lengths of the plant tops
and plant roots.
How Much
Water
Do Onion
Roots
Take
Up?
A gardener waters
the soil under a
plant, not the
leaves. Why? Its
because the plants
roots take in the
water. The roots
send water up
through the rest
of the plant.
Gardeners try to water
as close to a plants roots
as they can.
But just how much water can
roots take in? Lets experiment
with an onion bulb to find out.
What you need:
liquid
plant
food
clear
jar
plastic cling wrap
water
pencil
and paper
onion bulb from
a garden store
rubber
band
ruler
toothpicks
permanent
marker
Steps:
Fill the jar with water and add a few
drops of plant food.
Push the toothpicks into the onion.
Use them to balance the onion on the
rim of the jar. Make sure the bottom
of the onion touches the water.
Mark the water level
on the outside of the
jar using your marker.
The plastic wrap
seals the jar to
keep water from
evaporating.
Loosely seal the jar around the
onion bulb and toothpicks with
plastic cling wrap. Put a rubber
band around the plastic wrap to
hold it in place.
Put the onion in a sunny spot.
Rootswillstartgrowingafterafewdays!
Check your onion once a week.
Measure the distance between your
first water level mark and the new
water level. Write down your results.
About how much water
did your onion's roots
take up each week?
Many desert plants
have long roots. Their
roots go deep to find
water in dry soil.
Think It Through
As the roots grew, they took
in water. They also took
in minerals from the plant
food that were dissolved in
the water. Did you have a
hot day? That made your