Chris Eboch - Rocks and Minerals: Get the Dirt on Geology
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- Book:Rocks and Minerals: Get the Dirt on Geology
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Rocks and Minerals: Get the Dirt on Geology: summary, description and annotation
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A fun and informative introduction to the earth science happening beneath our feet, packed with hands-on science experiments and STEM research projects that help readers ages 12 to 15 discover the amazing world of geology!
Did you know that minerals were necessary for the beginning of life? Or that geothermal power could provide all the energy the world needs? Planet Earth is our home, but how much do you really know about the world beneath your feet? Rocks and Minerals: Get the Dirt on Geology offers a glimpse under the surface of the earth and explores the forces that have shapedand continue to shapeour world.
- Middle schoolers dive deep into earth science with a discussion of plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, and erosion, while exploring the earth as an energy resource and looking ahead toward what the future might bring in terms of the planet.
- Science-minded STEM activities such as constructing a model turbine, making a geologic timescale with a roll of toilet paper, and comparing energy sources encourage young readers to think like geologists, while critical thinking exercises, essential questions related to geology, fascinating facts, links to online resources, and brief sidebars encourage readers to explore their incredible planet.
About the Inquire & Investigate Earth Science set and Nomad Press
Rocks and Minerals is part of a set of three Inquire & Investigate Earth Science books that explore the earth, the atmosphere, and everything in between. The other titles in this series are The Science of Natural Disasters: When Nature and Humans Collide and The Science of Weather and Climate: Rain, Sleet, and the Rising Tide.
Nomad Press books in the Inquire & Investigate series integrate content with participation, encouraging readers to engage in student-directed learning. Combining content with inquiry-based projects stimulates learning and makes it active and alive. Nomads unique approach simultaneously grounds kids in factual knowledge while allowing them the space to be curious, creative, and critical thinkers.
All books are leveled for Guided Reading level and Lexile and align with Common Core State Standards and Next Generation Science Standards. All titles are available in paperback, hardcover, and ebook formats.
Chris Eboch: author's other books
Who wrote Rocks and Minerals: Get the Dirt on Geology? Find out the surname, the name of the author of the book and a list of all author's works by series.
Rocks and Minerals: Get the Dirt on Geology — read online for free the complete book (whole text) full work
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Titles in the Inquire & Investigate
Earth Science set
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Nomad Press
A division of Nomad Communications
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Copyright 2020 by Nomad Press. All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review or for limited educational use . The trademark Nomad Press and the Nomad Press logo are trademarks of Nomad Communications, Inc.
Educational Consultant, Marla Conn
Questions regarding the ordering of this book should be addressed to
Nomad Press
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www.nomadpress.net
Printed in the United States.
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What are source notes?
In this book, youll find small numbers at the end of some paragraphs. These numbers indicate that you can find source notes for that section in the back of the book. Source notes tell readers where the writer got their information. This might be a news article, a book, or another kind of media. Source notes are a way to know that what you are reading is information that other people have verified. They can also lead you to more places where you can explore a topic that youre curious about!
The timeline of Earths lifespan is shown in a geologic timescale that is broken up into chunks of time called eras. Each era is made up of different periods. Some of the more recent periods are also divided into epochs. Check out the visual timeline on
4.54 billion years ago | The earth forms. |
4.4 billion years ago | The oldest known minerals on Earth are formed. |
3.5 to 3.9 billion years ago | Life forms on Earth during the Archean eon. |
200 to 250 million years ago | Pangaea forms. |
180 million years ago | Pangaea breaks apart. |
5 to 6 million years ago | The Grand Canyon forms. |
640,000 years ago | The Yellowstone supervolcano explodes. |
79 CE | Mount Vesuvius in Italy erupts, completely burying the large Roman town of Pompeii. |
c. 1076 | A tsunami strikes southern China. The local civilization takes 500 years to recover. |
1400s | Leonardo da Vinci notes that a flood does not explain fossils embedded all the way through mountain rocks. |
17681785 | James Hutton develops some basic theories of geology. |
1800s | Geology becomes a scientific fad. |
1815 | A volcanic eruption in Indonesia kills 10,000 people directly and 80,000 more from famine. |
1887 | The first seismographs in the United States are installed in California. |
1896 | Radioactivity is discovered. |
early 1900s | Seismology develops as a science. |
April 18, 1906 | An earthquake nearly wipes out San Francisco, California. |
1908 | The Lawson report gathers scientific information about the San Francisco earthquake, greatly increasing our understanding of earthquakes. |
1915 | Alfred Wegener publishes a book describing the theory of continental drift. |
second half of the twentieth century | The development of radiometric dating techniques allows geologists to determine the ages of rocks. |
March 27, 1964 | The largest recorded earthquake in the United States hits Prince William Sound, Alaska. |
1968 | The theory of continental drift is widely accepted. |
1988 | The United Nations forms the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The panel concludes that there is a more than 95-percent probability that human activities have warmed our planet. |
December 26, 2004 | A tsunami in the Indian Ocean, triggered by an earthquake, kills more than 200,000 people. |
March 11, 2011 | A magnitude 9.0 earthquake hits Japan and sets off a tsunami that damages a nuclear power plant. |
May 3, 2018 | Lava starts flowing from the Kilauea volcano on the island of Hawaii, eventually destroying hundreds of homes and filling Kapoho Bay. |
What do geologists do?
Geologists study the materials that make up the planet. They examine how those materials behave and what processes affect them.
Walk through a town or city, and you may notice the buildings, parks, sidewalks, and streets. Walk in the woods, and you might admire the trees and plants. But have you thought about whats happening under your feet? Geology is the study of the earth. Geologists study the earth to understand the history of our planet. They explore how the planet has changed through time.
If geologists understand the earths past, they can better predict the future. That helps them improve our communities and even save lives!
Geologists work like detectives. They look for clues in the landscape on the surface of the earth. They look for clues under the earths surface as well. Its not always easy to interpret these cluesrocks cant speak, though they can provide information. Geologists study the shapes of the land and examine evidence of erosion from water and air. They look for rocks, minerals, and the fossil remains of plants and animals.
Geologists working near Mount Etna in Italy, 2017
credit: Nikola Rogic (CC BY 3.0)
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