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In this groundbreaking study, Louis W. Marvick develops a literary criterion for the quality known as the sublime, considered as the expression of an attitude towards the ideal--an attitude composed of irony and enthusiasm in varying proportions. The author examines the various theories of the sublime and traces the development of the concept from a rhetorical device to an experience of spiritual insight derived from the genius of the artist. The book covers all of the major discussions of the concept, from Longinus, Johnson, Dennis, Burke, and Kant, up to Mallarme. Kants structural model of the sublime moment is translated into terms suitable for literary analysis. This leads to a meticulous examination of Mallarmes use of the word sublime in his prose writings and the ways in which Mallarmes understanding of the term resembles and diverges from that of his predecessors. This comparative procedure affords an insight into the nature both of Mallarmes literary achievement and of the sublime experience in general.
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Mallarm and the Sublime Intersections (Albany, N.Y.)
author
:
Marvick, Louis Wirth.
publisher
:
State University of New York Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0887062792
print isbn13
:
9780887062797
ebook isbn13
:
9780585092393
language
:
English
subject
Mallarm, Stphane,--1842-1898--Criticism and interpretation, Sublime, The, in literature.
publication date
:
1986
lcc
:
PQ2344.Z5M29 1986eb
ddc
:
841/.8
subject
:
Mallarm, Stphane,--1842-1898--Criticism and interpretation, Sublime, The, in literature.
Page i
Mallarm and the Sublime
Page ii
Intersections: A SUNY Series in Philosophy and Literary Criticism Rodolphe Gasch and Mark C. Taylor, Editors
Page iii
Mallarm and the Sublime
Louis Wirth Marvick
State University of New York Press
Page iv
Published by State University of New York Press, Albany
1986 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews.
For information, address State University of New York Press, State University Plaza, Albany, N.Y., 12246
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Marvick, Louis Wirth, 1954 Mallarm and the sublime.
(Intersections: a SUNY series in philosophy and literary criticism) Bibliography: p. 165 Includes index. 1. Mallarm, Stphane, 1842-1898Criticism and interpretation. 2. Sublime, The, in literature. I. Title II. Series: Intersections (Albany, N.Y.) PQ2344.Z5M291986841 '.885-27750 ISBN 0-88706-278-4 ISBN 0-88706-279-2 (pbk.)
Page v
To my parents
Page vii
CONTENTS
Preface
xi
Part One
Chapter One.
Objections to the topic. Limitations of an historical approach. The proper application of the word "sublime" traditionally disputed. An indefinable term?
1
Chapter Two.
Longinus a Romantic? Importance of social considerations in his work.
7
Chapter Three.
The measure of Longinus's idealism. His practical approach to the sublimea moderate experience. His conception of language "unliterary" by Mallarm's definition. His conception of the ideal not modern.
13
Chapter Four.
The sublime of Dr. Johnson. Words cannot do justice to the ideal: the necessity of silence.
25
Chapter Five.
Contrast of Johnson to the practitioners of the "religious" sublime. The ideal takes a material form, of which they may speak. Uneasiness of their position.
31
Page viii
Chapter Six.
Ironic and enthusiastic attitudes to the ideal: to speak of it or not? Irony of Mallarm's attitude. His reluctance to name the ideal compared with Johnson's. Faith, a form of enthusiasm, and its literary product, the Word. Mallarm's hopes of doing justice to the ideal in words
39
Chapter Seven.
Tendency of enthusiasts to name things with out reflecting that the words are not the things themselves. Enthusiasm alone does not confer literary distinction (John Dennis). No one rhetorical figure specially suited for the expression of enthusiasm. Enthusiasm and hyperbole. Longinus's and the Romantics' attitudes to hyperbole contrasted
47
Chapter Eight.
Enthusiasm vulnerable to irony. Enthusiasm may be supplied by reader as well as writer. Important facts a defense of enthusiasm against irony. Enthusiasm disguises hyperbole's "departure from truth". Predominance of irony in modern attitude. Deceptive power of hyperbole not felt by modern critics. Hyperbole an exception to rule of literariness
53
Chapter Nine.
Postponement of discussion of hyperbole in Mallarm. Synopsis of Kant's "Analytic of the Sublime". Objections to applying his theory to literature refuted. Literary version of his theory.
63
Chapter Ten.
Phases of Kant's sublime moment related to positions on scale of height and depth. Inferior position assigned by enthusiasm (Burke). Bathos the literary result of unqualified enthusiasm. Argument of Kant's "Analytic" disputed by enthusiasts. Subliminal influence of irony on enthusiasts. Methods of completing Kant's sublime moment by introducing irony without subject's conscious knowledge. A new criterion of the sublime.
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1986