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Dr Abhay Singh - Medical Nexts Biochemistry : AIIMS May 2001 to Nov 2019

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Dr Abhay Singh Medical Nexts Biochemistry : AIIMS May 2001 to Nov 2019

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2020 MEDICAL NEXT All rights reserved. No part of this publication should be reproduced, stored in retrieval systems or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the publisher. This book has been published on good faith and every effort is made to ensure accuracy of the material but authors and publisher do not accept responsibility and under no circumstances shall be liable indirectly or directly for any damage that occurs as a result of the use or misuse of the content. The MCQs given in this book are based on the MBBS syllabus which is the basic study material for various exams. Any resemblance to questions is purely coincidental. Published by M EDICAL N EXT First Edition: 2020 Address: 14/48, Yaman, Sahara, JNP, Lucknow, India Websites: mnext.in & edunext.ind.in Facebook: facebook.com/mnextpg/ Instagram: instagram/mexittest Emails: Telegram & Whatsapp: +91 9721446702 Telegram group: https://t.me/nextpg Medical Next On Mission to Reimagine and Revolutionize Medical Education in Era of Continuously Evolving Medical Educational Landscape Medical Next is the first of its kind and premier online institute of India.

The concept behind to start online test conducted by Medical Next is to provide students a feel of the NEET, AIIMS and NEXT examinations. Medical Next puts tons of study materials in medical students pockets and provides access to study anytime and anywhere using Medical Next study tools (Daily quiz, online test and mega-store of MCQS) which ensure students are never far away from books and reach their full potential. Various national and international medical institutions have started online examinations for their graduate and post-graduate courses. Medical Next is online and offline platform to help UG/PG aspirants who are preparing for such online examinations. Medical Next is also getting popularity among poor students because our online tests are pocket friendly. M EDICAL N EXT www.edunext.ind.in and www.mnext.in Contents AIIMS NOV 2003 Q-1.

At physiological pH, the most stable amino acid is: a) Histidine b) Lysine c) Arginine d) Leucine Explanation: Histidine

  • Histidine plays unique roles in enzymatic catalysis.
  • The pK of its imidazole proton permits it to function at neutral pH or physiological pH as either a base or an acid catalyst.
Answer: Histidine Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-20 Q-2. Amino acids secreted in cystinuria are all except a) Ornithine b) Histidine c) Arginine d) Lysine Explanation: Cystinuria
  • Cystinuria is an autosomal-recessive defect in reabsorptive transport of cystine and the dibasic amino acids ornithine, arginine, and lysine from the luminal fluid of the renal proximal tubule and small intestine.
  • Calculi are frequently multiple and bilateral, and they often form stag-horns.
Answer: Histidine Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-283 Q-3. Amber codon refers to a) Mutant codon b) Stop codon c) Initiating codon d) Codon for more than one amino acid Explanation: Stop codons Stop codons are also called "termination" or "nonsense" codons. The three stop codons have been given names:
  • UAG: Amber
  • UGA: Opal
  • UAA: Ochre
Important point: The most common start codon is AUG, which is read as methionine or, in bacteria, as formyl-methionine.

Answer: Stop codon Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-396 Q-4. In chromatography mass movements of the substances in due to: a) Diffusion b) Electrophoresis c) Osmosis d) Paper chromatography Explanation: Chromatography

  • Chromatography is a method by which a mixture is separated by distributing its components between two phases.
  • The stationary phase remains fixed in place while the mobile phase carries the components of the mixture through the medium being used.
Important point:
  • Diffusion is the process whereby solute is transferred in a fluid from a point of high concentration to a point of lower concentration.
  • Diffusion is a concentration driven mass transfer process in chromatography.
Answer: Diffusion Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-24 Q-5. Vitamin K is needed for which of these post translational modification processes: a) Methylation b) Carboxylation c) Hydroxylation d) Transketolation Explanation: Carboxylation
  • Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the posttranslational modification of vitamin K-dependent proteins.
Answer: Carboxylation Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-532-33 Q- 6. Answer: Carboxylation Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-532-33 Q- 6.

Which end product of citric acid cycle is used in detoxification of ammonia in brain? a) Citrate b) Succinate c) Alfa-ketoglutarate d) Oxaloacetate Explanation: Detoxification of ammonia in brain

  • Glutamine is the sole form of transport of ammonia in brain and the major mechanism for the removal of ammonia in the brain.
  • Glutamine provides non-toxic storage and transport form of ammonia.
Important point:
  • Glutamine is an amide of Glutamic acid which is formed from alfa-ketoglutarate.
Answer: Alfa-ketoglutarate Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-272-73 Q-7. Dietary triglycerides are transported by a) Chylomicrons b) VLDL c) LDL d) HDL Explanation: Chylomicrons
  • Dietary triglycerides are transported as part of lipoprotein particles called chylomicrons.
  • Triglycerides synthesized in the liver are transported as part of lipoprotein particles called very low density lipoproteins or VLDLs.
Important point: Apo-B is essential for chylomicron and VLDL formation. Answer: Chylomicrons Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-238 Q-8.

Thiamine is not used in which of the following reactions a) Glucose to pentose b) Lactate to Pyruvate c) Oxidative decarboxylation of Alfa-keto amino acids d) Alfa-ketoglutarate to succinyl Co-A Explanation: Thiamine Pyrophosphate Thiamine Pyrophosphate works as a coenzyme in:

  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
  • Pyruvate decarboxylase in ethanol fermentation
  • Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
  • Branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase complex
  • 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase
  • Transketolase
Lactate dehydrogenase: It catalyzes the inter-conversion of pyruvate and lactate with concomitant inter-conversion of NADH and NAD+. Co-enzyme is niacin. Important point:
  • Thiamin triphosphate has a role in nerve conduction; it phosphorylates, and so activates a chloride channel in nerve membrane.
Answer: Lactate to Pyruvate Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-533-34 Q-9. In which type of chromatography, the proteins are bound to another substance? a) Gel Chromatography b) Paper Chromatography c) Hydrophobic Chromatography d) Affinity Chromatography Explanation: Affinity Chromatography
  • Affinity chromatography exploits the high selectivity of most proteins for their ligands.
  • In theory, only proteins that interact with immobilized ligand adhere.
  • Bound proteins are then eluted either by competition with soluble ligand or less selectively by disrupting protein ligand interactions using urea, guanidine hydrochloride, mildly acidic pH or high salt concentration.
Answer: Affinity Chromatography Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-25-26 Q-1. Answer: Affinity Chromatography Ref: Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry, 31 st Edition and Page-25-26 Q-1.Next page
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