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Sylvia Nasar - A Beautiful Mind : A Biography of John Forbes Nash, Jr.

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Sylvia Nasar A Beautiful Mind : A Biography of John Forbes Nash, Jr.
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In this dramatic and moving biography, Sylvia Nasar re-creates the life of a mathematical genius whose brilliant career was cut short by schizophrenia and who, after three decades of devastating mental illness, miraculously recovered and was honored with a Nobel Prize. A Beautiful Mind traces the meteoric rise of John Forbes Nash, Jr., from his lonely childhood in West Virginia to his student years at Princeton, where he encountered Albert Einstein, John von Neumann, and a host of other mathematical luminaries. At twenty-one, the handsome, ambitious, eccentric graduate student invented what would become the most influential theory of rational human behavior in modern social science. Nashs contribution to game theory would ultimately revolutionize the field of economics. As a young professor at MIT, still in his twenties, Nash dazzled the mathematical world by solving a series of deep problems deemed impossible by other mathematicians. As unconventional in his private life as in his mathematics, Nash fathered a child with a woman he did not marry. At the height of the McCarthy era, he was expelled as a security risk from the supersecret RAND Corporation -- the Cold War think tank where he was a consultant. At thirty, Nash was poised to take his dreamed-of place in the pantheon of historys greatest mathematicians. His associates included the most renowned mathematicians and economists of the era: Norbert Wiener, John Milnor, Alexandre Grothendieck, Kenneth Arrow, Robert Solow, and Paul Samuelson. He married an exotic and beautiful MIT physics student, Alicia Larde. They had a son. Then Nash suffered a catastrophic mental breakdown. Nasar details Nashs harrowing descent into insanity -- his bizarre delusions that he was the Prince of Peace; his resignation from MIT, flight to Europe, and attempt to renounce his American citizenship; his repeated hospitalizations, from the storied McLean, where he came to know the poet Robert Lowell, to the crowded wards of a state hospital; his enforced interludes of rationality during which he was able to return briefly to mathematical research. Nash and his wife were divorced in 1963, but Alicia Nash continued to care for him and for their mathematically gifted son, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia as a teenager. Saved from homelessness by his loyal ex-wife and protected by a handful of mathematical friends, Nash lived quietly in Princeton for many years, a dreamy, ghostlike figure who scrawled numerological messages on blackboards, all but forgotten by the outside world. His early achievements, however, fired the imagination of a new generation of scholars. At age sixty-six, twin miracles -- a spontaneous remission of his illness and the sudden decision of the Nobel Prize committee to honor his contributions to game theory -- restored the world to him. Nasar recounts the bitter behind-the-scenes battle in Stockholm over whether to grant the ultimate honor in science to a man thought to be mad. She describes Nashs current ambition to pursue new mathematical breakthroughs and his efforts to be a loving father to his adult sons. Based on hundreds of interviews with Nashs family, friends, and colleagues and scores of letters and documents, A Beautiful Mind is a heartbreaking but inspiring story about the most remarkable mathematician of our time and his triumph over a tragic illness.

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W INNER N ATIONAL B OOK C RITICS C IRCLE A WARD FOR B IOGRAPHY F INALIST P - photo 1

W INNER N ATIONAL B OOK C RITICS C IRCLE A WARD FOR B IOGRAPHY F INALIST P - photo 2

W INNER , N ATIONAL B OOK C RITICS C IRCLE A WARD FOR B IOGRAPHY F INALIST , P ULITZER P RIZE IN B IOGRAPHY

Praise for A Beautiful Mind

Two paragraphs and I was hooked!

Oliver Sacks

A brilliant book.

David Herbert Donald

Reads like a fine novel.

David Goodstein, The New York Times

Powerfully affecting a three-handkerchief read.

Charles C. Mann, The Wall Street Journal

A triumph of intellectual biography.

Robert Boynton, Newsday

Might be compared to a Rembrandt portrait, filled with somber shadows and radiant light effects simply a beautiful book.

Marcia Bartusiak, The Boston Globe

A remarkable look into the arcane world of mathematics and the tragedy of madness.

Simon Singh, The New York Times Book Review

A narrative of compelling power.

John Allen Paulos, Los Angeles Times

A wonderfully absorbing puzzle.

Claire Douglas, Washington Post Book World

A poetical love and coming-of-age story.

Ted Anton, Chicago Tribune

The stuff of classic tragedy.

Robert A. Burton, San Jose Mercun News

A powerful story brilliantly told.

Will St. John, Detroit Free Press

A worthy subject and a fascinating book.

Craig Ryan, Portland Oregonian

A page-turner.

Claiborne Smith, Austin Chronicle

An arresting portrait.

June Kinoshita, St. Petersburg Times

The parabolic arc of an American genius superbly and thrillingly limned.

Will Blythe, Mirabella

A staggering feat of writing and reporting.

Michael J. Mandel, BusinessWeek

Profoundly sad yet redemptive.

Worth Magazine

Instead of facile theories, the reader enjoys wonder and astonishment.

Richard Dooling, Salon

Extraordinarily moving.

Jeremy Bernstein, Commentary

Absolutely fascinating.

Jim Holt, Slate

An engrossing, ultimately uplifting book.

Gregg Sapp, Kirkus Reviews

Will touch any reader who understands what it means to hope or to fear.

Booklist

Unique.

The Economist

A compelling book about a phenomenal figure.

Rov Porter, The Times

Unblinking yet empathic.

Daniel Kevles, Times Literan Supplement

A romantic human story.

Steven McCaffery, Irish News

Genuinely compulsive.

Jon Oberlander, Sunday Herald

An astonishing achievement.

Brian Rotman, London Review of Books

A masterpiece of oral history.

Karl Sigmund, Nature

Be prepared for the birth of a new culture hero.

Peter Wilhelm, Business Dav

I defy anyone to read Sylvia Nasars prologue without being moved.

Christopher Beauman, Broadway Ham & High

A magnificent biography.

Roy Weintraub, Journal of the History of Economic Thought

High drama.

Wade Roush, MIT Technology Review

Deeply moving.

Paul Trachtman, Smithsonian Magazine

Presented with grace and skill.

Brian Hayes, The Sciences

A must-read with something for everyone.

Keith Devlin, New Scientist

Fascinating, complicated, and studious.

Mark H. Fleisher, JAMA

A deeply moving love story, an account of the centrality of human relationships.

Richard Wyatt and Kay Jamison, The New England Journal of Medicine

A gripping narrative.

Kenneth Arrow, Nobel Laureate, The Times Higher Education Supplement

Simon Schuster Paperbacks A Division of Simon Schuster Inc 1230 Avenue of - photo 3

Picture 4

Simon & Schuster Paperbacks
A Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc.
1230 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10020
www.SimonandSchuster.com

Copyright 1998 by Sylvia Nasar

All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.

Cover Art 2001 by Universal Studios Publishing Rights, a Division of Universal Studios Licensing, Inc.

A Beautiful Mind is a trademark and copyright of Universal Studios.

All rights reserved.

First Simon & Schuster trade paperback edition July 2011

SIMON & SCHUSTER PAPERBACKS and colophon are registered trademarks of Simon & Schuster, Inc.

Manufactured in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

The Library of Congress has cataloged the hardcover edition as follows:
Nasar, Sylvia.

A beautiful mind : a biography of John Forbes Nash, Jr.,
winner of the Nobel Prize in economics, 1994/

Sylvia Nasar

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Nash, John F., 1928 . 2. Mathematicians

United States Biography I. Title

OA29.N25N37 1998

510.92

[B] DC21 98-2795

ISBN-13: 978-0-684-81906-8
ISBN-10: 0-684-81906-8
ISBN-13: 978-1-4516-2842-5 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-4391-2649-3 (ebook)

The author and publisher gratefully acknowledge permission to reprint material from the following works:

The RAND Hymn, words and music by Malvina Reynolds, copyright 1961 by Schroeder Music Co. (ASCAP). Used by permission. All rights reserved. John F. Nash Jr. (Autobiographical Essay) and The Work of John Nash in Game Theory (Nobel Seminar), in Les Prix Nobel 1994 (Stockholm: Norstedts Tryckeri, 1995). Copyright The Nobel Foundation, 1994. Excerpts from Waking in the Blue from Life Studies by Robert Lowell. Copyright 1959 by Robert Lowell. Copyright renewed 1987 by Harriet Lowell, Sheridan Lowell, and Caroline Lowell. Reprinted by permission of Farrar, Straus & Giroux, Inc. Excerpts from the letters of Robert Lowell reprinted with the permission of the Estate of Robert Lowell.

F OR A LICIA E STHER L ARDE N ASH

Another race hath been, and other palms are won.
Thanks to the human heart by which we live,
Thanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears,
To me the meanest flower that blows can give
Thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears.

WILLIAM WORDSWORTH,
Intimations of Immortality

Contents
Foreword (Adapted from remarks at John Nashs 80th birthday Festschrift)

I N J UNE 2006, I went to St. Petersburg to track down the forty-year-old mathematician who had solved the Poincar Conjecture. Reputedly a hermit with wild hair and long nails who lived in the woods on mushrooms, he was up for a Fields Medal and a $1 million cash prize but had gone into hiding, not just from the media but from the math community. Meanwhile, some folks in Beijing were claiming that theyd beaten him to the punch. It was a great story if only we could find him.

After four frustrating days in Russia, my colleague and I hadnt found a soul who had seen or talked to the guy or his family in years. Then, when we had pretty much thrown in the towel, we stumbled on his mothers apartment more or less by accident and, voil, there was the hermit, dressed in a sports jacket and Italian loafers, evidently having lunch and watching soccer on TV.

He gestured for us to sit down and explain what we wanted.

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