The
Capitol
Building
Janet Piehl
For my
Schmidt relatives,
who first showed
me the Capitol
Copyright 2010 by Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
All rights reserved. International copyright secured. No part of this book may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any meanselectronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwisewithout the prior written permission of Lerner Publishing
Group, Inc., except for the inclusion of brief quotations in an acknowledged review.
Lerner Publications Company
A division of Lerner Publishing Group, Inc.
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Website address: www.lernerbooks.com
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Piehl, Janet.
The Capitol Building / by Janet Piehl.
p. cm. (Lightning bolt booksfamous places)
Includes index.
ISBN 9781575059662 (lib. bdg. : alk. paper)
1. United States Capitol (Washington, D.C.)Juvenile literature. 2. Washington (D.C.)Buildings,
structures, etc.Juvenile literature. I. Title.
F204.C2P54 2010
975.3dc22 2008047174
Manufactured in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 BP 15 14 13 12 11 10
Contents
What is
the Capitol?
Have you ever seen this
building?
It is the Capitol of
the United States.
The U.S. Capitol is a
large, white building. It
sits on top of a hill.
The Capitol is where our
countrys laws are made.
Congress meets in the
Capitol to make those laws.
Some members of
Congress meet in this
room of the Capitol.
The Senate and
the House of
Representatives
make up Congress.
Senators meet
in the Senate
chamber. Visitors
can sit in the
upper level.
The Capitol is in Washington,
D.C. Washington is the capital
city of the United States.
Government leaders make
important decisions there.
The president and vice
president talk about
important issues with other
government leaders.
The Capitol sits high on
Capitol Hill. You can see it
from all over Washington.
Heres the Capitol!
Building the
Capitol
The United States was a new
country in the 1790s. Its new
Congress needed a place to
meet. The government held a
contest to choose a design
for this meeting place.
Dr. William Thornton
won the contest in
1792. His design
was used to build
the Capitol.
Dr. William Thornton
Thornton drew
this picture of
what he thought
the countrys
capitol should
look like.
The design showed
two wings. They
were connected by
a dome.
Building began in 1793.
Workers used sandstone
to build the Capitol.
Sandstone is a type of rock.
Only half of the
Capitol was built
when Congress
met in 1800.
By 1800, only the north wing
had been finished.
ButCongressmetthereanyway.
The Capitol had two wings
by 1811. They were both
shaped like rectangles.
A wooden passage
would connect
the two wings.
The Capitol looked
like this before a
wooden passage was
built between the
two wings.
British soldiers invaded
Washington in 1814. They
set fire to the Capitol.
The
building was in ruins.
Workers had to rebuild the
Capitol. They added a round
room. It is called the Rotunda.
It connects the two wings.
WorkersbuiltadomeovertheRotunda.
The dome was
made of wood.
It was covered
with copper.
The United States was
growing fast.
New states
joined the nation. The new states
sent new members to Congress.
The Congress needed more space
in the Capitol. Larger wings were
built in the 1850s. They were
made of marble.
The new wings made
the Capitol twice as
long as it had been.
The Capitol needed a bigger
dome too. Workers finished
the new dome in 1863. It was
made of cast iron. The new
dome weighed almost
million pounds (4 million
kilograms)!
The new dome is
nearly complete
in this picture
from 1863.
A bronze statue of a
woman stands on
top of the dome.
The statue is
called Freedom.
It is 19.5 feet
(6 meters) tall.
The statue Freedom
faces east.