Virginia Loh-Hagan - Water Parks

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12

Table of Contents

Guide

Published in the United States of America by
Cherry Lake Publishing
Ann Arbor, Michigan
www.cherrylakepublishing.com

Content Adviser: Dr. Todd Kelley, Associate Professor of Engineering/Technology Teacher Education, Purdue Polytechnic Institute,
West Lafayette, Indiana
Reading Adviser: Marla Conn MS, Ed., Literacy specialist, Read-Ability, Inc.

Photo Credits: ESOlex/Shutterstock Images, cover; VaLiza/Shutterstock Images, 4; Per Andersen/Alamy Stock Photo, 6;
Shestakoff/Shutterstock Images, 8; Oleksiy Maksymenko Photography/Alamy Stock Photo, 10; Ruta Production/Shutterstock
Images, 12; pukkhoom_nokwila/Shutterstock Images, 14; Brocreative/Shutterstock Images, 16; Martin Valigursky/
Shutterstock Images, 18

Copyright 2017 by Cherry Lake Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any
form or by any means without written permission from the publisher.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data on file.

Cherry Lake Publishing would like to acknowledge the work of The Partnership for 21st Century Learning.
Please visit www.p21.org for more information.

Printed in the United States of America
Corporate Graphics
ISBN-13: 978-1-68444-494-6 (e-book)
Synchred Read-Along Version by:
Triangle Interactive LLC
PO Box 573
Prior Lake, MN 55372

CONTENTS

9 How Does Gravity Affect
Waterslides?

13 How Does Inertia
Work?

17 How Do Waterslides
Reduce Friction?

Riders arent strapped into waterslides.

What Are Water
Parks?

Water parks have waterslides. These
slides are thrill rides. They loop. They go
fast. They drop. People like going to water
parks. They have fun. They get wet. They
cool off. They get scared. Waterslides are
like wet roller coasters. They work the same
way. But they dont have seats. They dont
have seat belts. They dont have tracks.

Slides like these at Aquatica, SeaWorlds water park, are called chutes.

Engineers design two types of
waterslides. Serpentine slides have many
curves. Speed slides go straight down.
Waterslides have powerful pumps. Pumps
push out water at the top of the slide.
Riders start at the top. Engineers use
water flow and gravity to bring riders to
the bottom. Riders land in plunge pools .

Look!

Go to the closest water park. Look at a waterslide. How long is the
slide? How steep is the slide? Are there any curves?

Stored energy is potential energy. It changes to kinetic energy.

How Does Gravity
Affect Waterslides?

Waterslides use gravitys energy. They
have the most energy at the top. Riders
climb stairs to the top. This creates
potential or stored energy. Tall slides store
more energy. Riders use their stored energy
throughout the ride. They go downhill. They
fall. Gravity pulls the riders down. Falling
builds up energy. Gravity changes stored
energy into moving, or kinetic, energy.

Gravity gives riders a downward force on the Riptide Racer
at Canadas Wonderland.

Riders zip around. They follow slides.
Gravity keeps them in the slides. It keeps
them from falling off. It keeps the ride going.

Riders move in the direction of the
ground. Gravity pushes them down. Slides
push them up. This slows riders down due
to friction .

Riders slide down slopes. The slides
forces are at an angle. Theyre not fighting
gravity. This makes riders speed up.

Curves can make riders feel airborne.

How Does Inertia
Work?

Engineers add curves. Curves build
moving energy. Engineers design curves
to make sure riders have the right amount
of speed. Too much speed causes them to
fly off. Riders can feel weightless . They
dont feel as though they are being pushed
down. They feel like theyre in the air.

Engineers are creating new waterslides.

Engineers must also carefully design the
sides of slides. Human bodies resist changes
in speed and direction. This is inertia .
Bodies want to go straight on a slide.
They try to do so. If a slide curved without
sides, bodies would fly off. Instead, engineers
design the sides of slides to curve up.
Riders go up the sides of the slides. They
do not fall off.

Ask Questions!

Ask friends if theyve been to a water park. What was their
favorite part? What was their least favorite part? Were they
scared? Why or why not?

Bathing suits can affect friction. They rub against slides.

Next page

12

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