Hugh Kenner - Dublins Joyce

To the following pages every writer on Joyce, and notably Frank Budgen, has contributed his quota of details; if most of them are unascribed it is because I take their provenance to be by this time common knowledge. But it is to Wyndham Lewis's chapter in Time and Western Man that I owe the challenge of incontrovertible facts that would square neither with the received image of Joyce nor, as he interprets them, with my own conviction of the value of Joyce's work; and to Ezra Pound's neglected "James Joyce et Pcuchet" (reprinted in Polite Essays) that I attribute the order my views have ultimately taken.

The material on DeValera and Finnegans Wake owes its inception to the work of Mr. Andrew Cass, who staked a modest claim on this lode in The Irish Times for April 26, 1947. On the other hand, resemblances between my sixteenth chapter and Mr. J. S. Atherton "Lewis Carroll and Finnegans Wake" (English Studies, February 1952) must be ascribed to the fact that we were both looking at the same object; I first saw a copy of his article four years after writing my chapter. Similarly, it was two years after my chapter on Dubliners was completed that Marvin Magalaner "'The Sisters' of James Joyce" (University of Kansas City Review, Summer 1952) came to my attention.

Mr. John Jermain Slocum placed at my disposal in 1950 his magnificent collection of letters, books and manuscripts (now in the Yale University Library) and gave me the benefit of his invaluable conversation on things Joycean. Quotations from Joyce's letters to Harriet Weaver Shaw, recently donated by their recipient to the British Museum, were copied from transcripts furnished by her to Mr. Slocum. Dr. H. M. McLuhan of the University of Toronto has permitted me free use of his unpublished History of the Trivium, on which my thirteenth chapter depends heavily, and afforded the continual stimulus of letters and conversation. I have also to thank Vivian Mercier and Donald Davie for supplying and confirming various Dublin facts.

Vivian Mercier, Kenneth Millar, Donald Pearce, Gordon Ringer, Mrs. Adaline Glasheen and my colleague Marvin Mudrick extirpated a great many errors and inadequacies from

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the typescript, and the cost of preparing it for the printer was in part met by a grant from the Committee on Research of Santa Barbara College.

Earlier versions of parts of this book have appeared in James Joyce: Two Decades of Criticism ( Vanguard Press, 1948), Hudson Review, Kenyon Review, Sewanee Review, Essays in Criticism, Shenandoah, and English Institute Essays 1952 ( Columbia University Press); I am grateful to the editors concerned for permission to reprint. An early draft of the entire book was written in 1950 as a Yale doctoral thesis, under the guidance of Cleanth Brooks. Though the work has been completely rewritten since then, the effect of his patient counsel has not been obliterated.

But my most pervasive debt is to Mr. John Reid, who devoted countless hours to helping me puzzle out means of presentation for a subject so complex that it seemed at one stage to elude all possibility of orderly treatment, and who in effect showed me how to write the book.

For making possible copious quotation, abridgment of which would have inconvenienced the expositor as much as the reader, I am under grateful obligation to the publishers of Joyce's works: The Viking Press Inc. for quotations from Chamber Music, Dubliners, Exiles, A Portrait of the Atrtist as a Young Man, and Finnegans Wake; Random House Inc. for quotations from Ulysses; and New Directions for quotations from Stephen Hero.

Messrs. Monro, Saw & Co., on behalf of the Administrators of the James Joyce Estate, have permitted the publication of extracts from certain unpublished letters of Joyce's. In this connection I must also thank The Viking Press and Faber and Faber Ltd., who possess publication rights to the letters of James Joyce, and the Yale University Library, present owners of the letters and copies of letters from which I made my own transcriptions.

In addition, I am indebted to Frank Budgen for quotations from his James Joyce and the Making of Ulysses; to Wyndham Lewis for quotations from Time and Western Man; to The Macmillan Company for quotations from Collected Poems by W. B. Yeats, copyright 1951 by The Macmillan Company; to St. Martin's Press Incorporated for quotations from "The Tables of the Law" by W. B. Yeats; to Harcourt, Brace and Company Inc. for permission to quote from T. S. Eliot

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Collected Poems, Four Quartets, and Selected Essays; to Sheed and Ward Inc. for permission to quote from Preface to Metaphysics by Jacques Maritain, published by Sheed & Ward Inc., New York; to Pantheon Books Inc. for quotations from Existence and the Existent by Jacques Maritain; to Cornell University Press for quotations from The New Science of Giambattista Vico, translated by T. G. Bergin and W. H. Fisch ; to the editors of The Hudson Review for permission to quote from Felix Giovanelli translation of " James Joyce: A Memoir" by Stanislaus Joyce; and to Thomas Nelson & Sons Ltd. for quotations from W. H. D. Rouse translation of The Odyssey.

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