To Erin, with love to the
best travel partner anyone could
possibly wish for.
UNDERSTANDING
THE WORLD Q.QUICK QUESTION The Book of EVERYTHING? How can that be?
A.QUICK ANSWER It cant be!
WE DID CONSIDER
OTHER TITLESTHE BOOK OF ALMOST EVERYTHINGTHE BOOK OF THINGS WE THOUGHT TRAVELLERS
MIGHT FIND INTERESTINGA WHOLE LOT OF FASCINATING
TRAVEL TRIVIAHOW TO PLAY CROQUET, EAT BUGS IN THE JUNGLE,
DELIVER A BABY, SAY CHEERS
IN CHINESE AND ABOUT 78 OTHER THINGS and so on, but none of them seemed quite right. So
The Book of Everything It Is.
PLEASE DONT CONTACT US WITH
COMPLAINTS SUCH AS I went on vacation to Belize in June, and it rained
hard every day. My husband wants to know why that
isnt in
The Book of Everything. Also, we should tell you right now that theres
nothing about packing your suitcase or backpack,
or prospecting for gold in Brazil, or surviving In the Antarctic,
or climbing Mount Everest, or dancing at Carnevale,
or anything at all about Mombasa, Mumbai or Montevideo,
or about tattooing, or about those flaps on an
aircrafts wings and what they do.
(Although we could explain that last one;
its just not very interesting.) Anyway, if you are looking for any of that information,
and have read this far but havent bought the book yet,
then dont buy itits not right for you. But everything else is within these pages,
so read on.
Itll be fun. Youll see. NIGEL HOLMES, JULY 2012
UNDERSTANDING
THE WORLD A different world Whats a travel book without a map of the world? And why
do we always look at It the same way? This view might help you
to see countries In a new light. (Then again it might just be totally annoying.)
Is it really
upside down? Our custom of orienting
maps with north at the
top is arbitrary. The
Greek cartographer and
astronomer Ptolemy
drew his maps that way
around the year AD 150,
and most mapmakers
have followed his
example. Some people think that
north-oriented maps
have an implicit bias
toward the northern
hemisphere, and many
classic (and still used)
world projections do
favour the northern
hemisphere.
This is
because at the time
these maps were made,
most of the developed
world was in the north
and more room was
needed to show the
detail in this area. When the famous
photo of Earth taken
from space (aboard
Apollo 17) was first
published, In 1972, it
showed the South Pole
like this: Publications quickly
turned the image round
to fit the established
convention.
Around the world: the equatorThe first person to sail around the globe was
Juan Sebastin del Cano, who took credit after
his captain, Ferdinand Magellan, was killed
en route. The voyage lasted almost 3
years, from 1519 to 1522. In 1961,
Russian cosmonaut
Yuri Gagarin
was the first to make the
trip into space. It took
1 hour and 48
minutes.Equator days are the
same year round: 12
hours of daylight, 12 of
darkness. The sun rises
around 6am and sets
around 6pm.
Global climate
change has special
urgency in the
Maldives. If the sea
level continues rising
at current rates, most
of the 1,200 islands
and atolls will be
under water by 2100,
according to the UN.
Time it
takes light
to travel
around the
equator:
0.13 of
a second. Time it
would take
a baseball
travelling at
160km/h
(100mph):
10 days. Time it
would take
running
nonstop at
10.5km/h
(6.5mph):
160 days.Why its so
darn hot Its hot almost
everywhere on the
equator because
the suns rays hit
the earth there
straight on, heating
the ground and the
air above it.
Elsewhere, the rays
hit the atmosphere
at an angle
because the earth
is curved. This
dissipates some of
the suns energy.
Arctic Suns rays are almost horizontal
Equator Suns rays are
directly overhead
Elsewhere Suns rays are
angled
Antarctic Suns rays are almost horizontal Of course, the sun
isnt as close to us
as this. (But it
sometimes feels like
it on the equator.)
The worlds
highest mountains The really high
ones are all In Asia.
Shown here
are Asias top five. (There are 60 other
peaks in Asia that
are higher than the
tallest in South
America, below.)
First climbed by
Edmund Hillary and