PAUL HENDRICKSON
THE LIVING AND THE DEAD
Paul Hendrickson, a feature writer for the Washington Post since 1977, has won a number of journalism awards, including three from the Penney-Missouri competition, and has held writing and research fellowships at the Alicia Patterson and Lyndhurst foundations. He is the author of Seminary: A Search, dealing with his seven years of study for the missionary priesthood, and Looking for the Light: The Hidden Life and Art of Marion Post Wolcott, a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award in 1992. He lives with his wife, Ceil, and their two sons, Matt and John, in Takoma Park, Maryland.
FIRST VINTAGE BOOKS EDITION, NOVEMBER 1997
Copyright 1996 by Paul Hendrickson
All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Published in the United States by Vintage Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York, and simultaneously in Canada by Random House of Canada Limited, Toronto. Originally published in hardcover in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York, in 1996.
constitutes an extension of this copyright page.
The Library of Congress has cataloged
the Knopf edition as follows:
Hendrickson, Paul.
The living and the dead: Robert McNamara and five lives of a lost war / Paul Hendrickson.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-679-42761-9
eBook ISBN: 978-0-8041-5337-9
1. Vietnamese Conflict, 19611975United States.
2. McNamara, Robert S., 1916 . I. Title.
DS558.H445 1996
959.7043373dc20 96-7445
Vintage ISBN: 0-679-78117-X
Random House Web address: http://www.randomhouse.com
v3.1
FOR MY SONS, MATT AND JOHN
When the war is over
We will be proud of course the air will be
Good for breathing at last
The water will have been improved the salmon
And the silence of heaven will migrate more perfectly
The dead will think the living are worth it we will know
Who we are
And we will all enlist again
W. S. MERWIN
CONTENTS
PROLOGUE
A STORY OUT OF TIME
PART ONE
AT THE OPEN NOON OF HIS PRIDE
PART TWO
PHOTOGRAPH OF A LIFE, 1916-1960
PART THREE
DIED SOME, PRO PATRIA, 1965 IN AMERICA
PART FOUR
SHADOWS, AND THE FACE OF MERCY, 1966 IN AMERICA
PART FIVE
WOUND LIKE A WHEEL, 19671968 IN AMERICA
EPILOGUE
BECAUSE OUR FATHERS LIED
Many years after, you would spy him now and then on the streeta narrow figure in a tan trench coat hurrying down Connecticut Avenue or across Farragut Square or through the park that cuts in front of the White House. You would see him and start: My God, its McNamara. The body was still lean and fit, remarkably so, but the face had now aged almost terrifyingly, as if meant to be a window on what lay heaped within. He was a ghost, a ghost of all that had passed and rolled on beneath his country in barely a generation.
)
PROLOGUE
A STORY OUT OF TIME
S EPTEMBER 29, 1972. The easily recognized and semifatalistic man standing in the lunchroom of the M. V. Islander as it crossed Vineyard Sound that rainy Friday evening could not possibly have knowncould he?that a murderous rage was climbing up inside the throat of someone just feet away from him. Certainly, had Robert S. McNamara been aware, he would not have set down his drink on the metal counter, wouldnt have said to his companion, Excuse me a minute, Ill get this and be right back, would never have turned and followed a short, bearded stranger in tennis shoes out into the darkness. But wouldnt almost anybody have done the same thing? you ask. Probably, although the assailant himself is still puzzled, even in his ambivalence and periodic shame about that night, over how trusting his victim seemed, how willing to comply. It was almost as if McNamara had long been waiting for such a moment and understood implicitly it was now here. Listen:
He just stopped in the middle of his conversation and nodded and followed me right out. Ive never really understood that part of it. I must have been pretty convincing, thats all I can think. I remember he was leaning up against the counter of the snack bar, laughing and talking. He had on these sporty weekend clothes. I dont know, the two of them just seemed above everything around them, maybe thats part of what got to me. Anyway, I walked right up to him and said, Mr. McNamara, theres a phone call for you. Please follow me. I didnt even know what I was going to say. I swear the words just came out. Its not like I told myself, okay, this is it, youre gonna take the guy outside and throw him off the goddamn boat.
The M. V. Islander, a serviceable old tub built in 1950 by the Maryland Drydock Company, is a double-ender in her design, which means that either end can serve as stern or bow, depending on the direction the boat is headedto Marthas Vineyard or back to the mainland at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. The lunchroom, which is about the size of a living room, sits up on the ferrys top deck, just behind the pilothouse. During night crossings, and especially when the weather is bad, this small, brightly lit area of the vessel is nearly always packed and noisy, a kind of lantern against the seas roughness. Nobody pays much attention to famous faces in the lunchroom; famous faces are a lot of what Marthas Vineyard is about in the first place. The trip across Vineyard Sound takes forty-five minutes and covers seven miles of open water. Mostly it is a boring transit, something you have to put up with to get from here to there.