Rustom Pestonji Masani - Folklore of wells
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BEING A STUDY OF
WATER-WORSHIP
IN EAST AND WEST
R. P. MASANI, M.A.
D. B. TARAPOREVALA SONS & Co.
1918
Published by D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co.
| Introduction |
FOLKLORE OF BOMBAY WELLS. |
| CHAPTER I. SANCTITY OF WATER. |
| Origin of feversWrath of ShivaStory of Eknterio, the malaria fiendClosing of wellsProtests based on religious sentiments and supernatural beliefsScriptural injunctions for the use of well waterOpinions of Parsi scholarsSome Hindu beliefs and usagesCeremonies requiring water drawn from seven wellsLighting of lamps in the niches in wellsThe unwashed sect of the JainsAversion to bathingThe days of the Drymais |
| CHAPTER II. WATER SAINTS. |
| Spirits dwelling in wellsDisasters brought on by pent-up spiritsThe fortunes of the Edwardes TheatreMysterious collapse of barriersThe sacred well of Alice BuildingPropitiated well-spirits avert accidentsStory of two sistersOracular well of Ghoga StreetMidnight and midday visits to wellsCeremony of divination at St. Oswalls well |
| CHAPTER III. PENALTY FOR DEFILEMENT. |
| The labourer who spat on the pavement of an oracular wellFate of an European girl who offended the saintly spirit of Loveji CastleActs of defilement, whether conscious or unconscious, offend the spiritsThe Nowroji Wadia house tragedyA Damascus customDestruction of the land of LogresConcerts of the nymphsThe pure one fountain of EgyptAn Esthonian beliefA curious variant of the belief concerning defilementDeliberate pollution of wells so as to constrain the rain-godAlbirunis interrogatoriesDoctrine of negation of knowledge |
| CHAPTER IV. QUAINT PARSI BELIEFS. |
| Worship of cabined spirits on full moon eveGoat-sacrifice on marriage daysPractice of besmearing the forehead with the blood of the victimNon-Aryan cults imbibed by the AryansHindu and Parsi beliefs in water-spirits comparedAntiquity of water-worship among the ParsisWorship of Ardevi Sura AnahitaInfluence of the genii locorum on the communityMahomedan patron saints of Parsi householdAn anthropological puzzleEcstatic possession of a Parsi womanThe Gunbow wellMurgha Bws wellCures effected by the grace of water-saintsBeliefs common to the whole worldAssociation of life with motionWater-worship in the East has its counterpart in the history of Western thoughtProfessor Robertson Smiths description of the worship prevailing in ArabiaWell-worship in the West probably more widespread and primitive than in the East |
WATER-WORSHIP IN EAST AND WEST. |
| CHAPTER V. THE MOST WIDE-SPREAD PHASE OF ANIMISM. |
| Deification of fountains and rivers a general cultMax Mllers theory of poetic personificationThe spiritual element uppermost in the worship of waterWater an important factor during the first three days of CreationRabbi Ismaels sayingBabylonian conception of the god NunRising of Shu from waterThe Akkad triad of godsWorship of streams absorbed by the Hittites into their pantheonTwo triads sacred to the PhniciansThe Vedic god VarunaHow the conception of the night served to convey the idea of the oceanGreek beliefsOkeanos and SkamandrosNeptune, the Latin sea-godNreus, the Old Man of the SeaThe Scandinavian god NirdMidsuno Kami, the water-god of JapanThe Peruvian sea-god VirakochaWorship of Mamacocha, Mother SeaThe Egyptian Nile-godParsi festival in honour of Ardevi Sur AnahitaThe Greek goddess AphroditeWells of water bestowed by Greek saintsHealing virtues of the waters of EgeriaDedication of likenesses of diseased limbs to the water-nymph EgeriaSimilar offerings to Virgin Mary at Mount Marys Chapel at BandraThe holy well of Smyrna CathedralCures effected with ordinary water just as well as with the sanctified waterArchological evidence of the British cultAmerican examples of animistic ideas concerning waterAfrican rites of water-worship |
| CHAPTER VI. CHRISTIAN TOLERANCE OF THE CULT OF WATER. |
| A non-Christian customEdicts of Kings, Popes and Church Councils prohibiting the practiceTotal eradication of beliefs and customs of age-long existence impossibleContinuance of pagan worship under Christian auspicesA dual system of beliefSupplication of a Scottish peasant at a sacred wellGrimms examination of the result of the Christian tolerance of paganismMr. Edward Clodds testimony |
| CHAPTER VII. HOLY WELLS AND TANKS. |
| Worship of Khwaja KhizrAlexanders ramble in quest of the blessed watersNorthern India customsKhwaja Saheb ka DalyaWater of ZumzumMother Ganges and Lady JumnaPilgrimage to the GodavariRussian ceremony of blessing the waters of the NevaSitas kitchenDr. Buchanans visit to the Monghyr wellThe theory of expiating sins by bathsKing Trisankus deadly sins and salvationWashing of sins with the sacred threadSacred wells of IndiaRajput woman turned into a male Rajput of the Solanki classThe legendary lore of the holy wells of EnglandThomas Quiller-Couchs notes on the holy wells of CornwallSacred wells of Scotland and Ireland |
| CHAPTER VIII. HEALING WATERS. |
| Sanitary guardians of waterBalneotherapy and Hydrotherapy not unknown in Talmudic timesIndian wells and tanks renowned for medicinal propertiesA milk-bestowing well in LonavlaThe leper cured by the Lake of Immortality at AmritsarVirtue of the conferv on the surface of the Lalitpur tankFamous hot springsThe Devki-UnaiThe springs of Vajrabai or the Lady of the ThunderboltThe Vali who makes the fire and keeps it burning at the hot springs at Terka MainThe madness-curing pool at HamathMad men tumbled headlong in the Altarnum wellThe virtues of St. Teclas wellHolywell, the Lourdes of WalesThe Story of St. WinefrideRecent Holywell curesThe calamity that befell HolywellOther healing wells of Great BritainThe dance round the sacred springs of Enmore GreenSt. Conans wellBishop Halls testimonySacred springs in MacedoniaFestival at KaisarianiA suppressed miraclePilgrimage described by Miss HamiltonScenes in Emile Zolas novel recalled |
| CHAPTER IX. PROCREATIVE POWERS OF WATER SPIRITS. |
| Water-spirits conferring the blessings of parenthoodCharms for childless womenBathing in the water of seven wellsThe Dewali bath in the PunjabFertilizing virtue ascribed to Scottish springsGeneral explanation of the cult of the bathSterility believed to be a disease due to demoniacal agencyAnother theoryProcreative power attributed to spiritsTestimony borne by Professor CurtissHot air vents in SyriaBelief of the Punjabis that the fertilizing virtue of a well is abstracted by the women bathing in itThe Jewish beliefConception possible in a bathThe theory in vogue among physicians of the twelfth centuryA case recorded by AverroesPrevalence of the theory in TurkeySupposed ancestors of persons bearing the name of the TweedA Semong tradition |
| CHAPTER X. WISHING AND CURSING WELLS. |
| Oracular wells inhabited by spirits gifted with powers of divinationThe Baladana KundProspects of the harvest divined by the holy well in AskotBread and pins as instruments of divinationThe Amorgos wellThe presiding power of the well of St. MichaelNews of absent friends given by a Cornish wellTwo Wishing wells in Walsingham ChapelThe Fairy Well in CornwallCeremonial observances taught by the priestess of Gulval WellCursing wellsVaried virtues of Holy wellsThe Well of St. KeyneStrange traditions |
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