Henry McDonald - INLA: Deadly Divisions
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INLA: Deadly Divisions: summary, description and annotation
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The Irish National Liberation Army was one of the most ruthless terrorist organisations during the troubles in Northern Ireland. Formed in 1974 as a splinter group of the Official IRA, the INLAs campaign of murder throughout the 1970s and 1980s included such notorious acts as the bombing of the Droppin Well in Derry in 1982 and, perhaps most infamously, the kidnapping and mutilation of Dublin dentist by former member, the Border Fox. Many of their leading members found death at the end of a gun, including founder members Seamus Costello and Ronnie Bunting, and leader Dominic McGlinchey. The INLA were also involved in numerous bloody feuds and splits. This new revised edition of a classic book brings the INLA story right up to date, featuring the 1997 killing of LVF leader Billy King Rat Wright; their 1998 ceasefire; their continuing involvement in punishment attacks and criminal activities; and their declaration, in October 2009, that their armed campaign was finally over.
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This edition published 2010
by Poolbeg Books Ltd.
123 Grange Hill, Baldoyle,
Dublin 13, Ireland
Email: poolbeg@poolbeg.com
Jack Holland and Henry McDonald 2010
First edition published 1994; second edition published 1996
The moral right of the authors has been asserted.
Copyright for typesetting, layout, design
Poolbeg Books Ltd.
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 978-1-84223-438-9
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photography, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. The book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold or otherwise circulated without the publishers prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition, including this condition, being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
www.poolbeg.com
About the Authors
Jack Holland was a novelist and author of such acclaimed non-fiction books as Hope Against History: The Ulster Conflict ; Too Long a Sacrifice ; The American Connection: US Guns, Money and Influence in Northern Ireland ; and Misogyny: The Worlds Oldest Prejudice . Jack died in 2004.
Henry McDonald is Ireland Correspondent for both The Guardian and The Observer . He is the author of Irishbatt: The Irish Army in Lebanon and co-author with Jim Cusack of UVF: The Endgame and UDA: Inside the Heart of Loyalist Terror . He has also published a Troubles memoir, Colours: Ireland from Bombs to Boom as well as the first biography of Nobel Peace Prize-winner David Trimble.
Revolutionaries are dead men on leave
From an epitaph to Ta Power and John OReilly,
murdered in the Rosnaree Hotel, Drogheda,
20 January 1987.
Acknowledgements
It is inevitable and understandable that the majority of those who helped and guided us in our research for this work prefer to remain anonymous. This is a testimony to the fact that our sources were primary, and, given the nature of the material, no explanation is necessary as to why they cannot be named.
However, we also relied on the assistance of librarians, journalists and others, whose collaboration proved at times essential. We would especially like to thank the staff of the Linenhall Library, particularly Robert Bell and Yvonne Murphy of the Political Collection. Their unstinting co-operation in making available to us the impressive facilities at their disposal was certainly a key factor in helping us complete our research.
We would also like to thank Kathleen Bell of the Irish News library, the staff of the Irish Times library, and the staff of the BBC Northern Ireland library, for assisting us in our various quests.
Among our fellow reporters who helped us in different ways we would like to thank in particular David McKittrick, who put at our disposal his formidable files. As well, Jim Cusack, Liam Clarke, Brendan Anderson, Brendan Murphy and Cathy Jonston all gave of their time and experience.
Our thanks go to Terry Robson and the late Mary Reid, who greatly contributed to our knowledge of the development of the movement in Derry and elsewhere, and to the former IRSP councillor Sen Flynn for all his assistance.
To our editors at Poolbeg our thanks are due for their perseverance at seeing this project to a conclusion. We would especially like to thank Philip MacDermott, whose enthusiasm played a crucial role in launching the first edition.
These acknowledgements were written by Jack Holland for the first edition. Sadly, Jack has since died and this book is now dedicated to his memory.
PROLOGUE
The Road to Darkley
The road to Darkley passes through the border lands of County Armagh, where the grey stone bridges and disused factory chimneys add a further touch of desolation to the landscape in winter. It is a curious place, redolent of a past age of industrial prosperity, set down among rolling hills and rushing streams. Now the crows have colonised the tall mill chimneys, and the mills themselves have been converted into shopping malls or community centres. Here the very landscape stands as an epitaph to nineteenth-century capitalism.
The area is full of epitaphs of one kind or another. A few miles from Darkley in a shabby little bus shelter is written: There are two solutions in Northern Ireland. One is to get down on both knees and pray. The other one is to get down on both knees and shoot the other man. This, surely, is an epitaph to community relations, a product of a place that has been locked for the last quarter of a century in a state of incipient civil war.
Just beyond Keady, heading towards the border, the hamlet of Darkley stands, an isolated, foreboding little cluster of working-class houses dominated by an old linen mill. It looks like a small-scale version of Bradford incongruously set down in a pastoral landscape, a world away from a one-horse south Armagh village. Indeed it is more like a setting for a scene from Dickenss Hard Times or an image of Blakes dark Satanic mills. These days the mill is far from Satanic, having closed down thirty years ago and been converted into an egg production factory. It is also occupied by a community service centre named, apparently without irony, Crossfire.
Another epitaph of sorts is found on a hill overlooking Darkley. The Mountain Lodge Road, which links it to the hamlet, is in stretches little more than a dirt track. It is one of those places in Northern Ireland where the Protestant siege mentality is physically present. On this hill stands the Mountain Lodge Pentecostal church. It is situated in a cockpit of the Northern conflict. From the church grounds the numerous British army observation posts can be seen perched on hills overlooking the small farms, poor fields and winding dirt roads of south Armagh. In the sky, British army helicopters that look like tiny tadpoles in the distance whiz to and fro from one isolated military base to another. Here republicans like to think that the conflict is at its purest. It is them against the British forces holed up in fortified bases strung along the border.
Darkley is a reminder, however, of another side to the struggle.
Next to the Pentecostal church is a long brown wooden hut, the place where the epitaph of the Irish National Liberation Army was written on a dark November evening in 1983. Three men equipped with INLA guns burst into a prayer service and, as the congregation sang hymn 171, Have you been to Jesus for the cleansing powr... Oh, to be washed in the blood of the lamb, they sprayed the worshippers in a deadly hail of bullets. Three church elders, Victor Cunningham, David Wilson, and Harold Brown, were cut down, mortally wounded. Among the injured were the two daughters of the churchs pastor, Bob Pains. The gunmen drove off into the darkness towards Monaghan, leaving the hut awash with the blood of the wounded and dying worshippers.
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