Putins Wars
Putins Wars
The Rise of Russias New Imperialism
Second Edition
Marcel H. Van Herpen
ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD
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Copyright 2015 by Rowman & Littlefield
First edition 2014.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Herpen, Marcel van.
Putins wars : the rise of Russias new imperialism / Marcel H. Van Herpen. Second edition.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4422-5357-5 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4422-5358-2 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4422-5359-9 (electronic)
1. Russia (Federation)RelationsRussia (Federation)Chechnia. 2. Chechnia (Russia)RelationsRussia (Federation) 3. Chechnia (Russia)HistoryCivil War, 1994- 4. Russia (Federation)RelationsGeorgia (Republic) 5. Georgia (Republic)RelationsRussia (Federation) 6. South Ossetia War, 2008. 7. Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovich, 1952-Military leadership. 8. ImperialismHistory21st century. 9. War crimesHistory21st century. 10. GenocideHistory21st century. I. Title.
DK510.764.H47 2015
327.47dc23
2015017466
TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.
Printed in the United States of America
To Valrie, Michiel, and Cyrille
Author Note and Acknowledgments
English quotes of Russian, French, German, Dutch, Italian, and Spanish works were translated by the author.
In writing this book I owe a lot to the discussions with the members of the Russia Seminar of the Cicero Foundation. I want to thank Emma Gilligan, Hall Gardner, Christiane Haroche, Rona Heald, Albert van Driel, Peter Verwey, and Ernst Wolff, who read chapters of the book and gave useful feedback. I want to thank also Susan McEachern, Carolyn Broadwell-Tkach, and Jehanne Schweitzer, who, with great professionalism, shepherded the book through the editorial production process. Finally, I want also to thank my wife, Valrie, who gave me her patient support during the years of research and writing. I dedicate this book to her and to my two sons, Michiel and Cyrille, who share their fathers interest in Russian history.
Glossary and Abbreviations
ANC | African National Congress |
ANI | Associazione Nazionalista Italiana |
BBC | British Broadcasting Corporation |
BRIC | Acronym of grouping referring to Brazil, Russia, India, and China |
BRICS | Acronym of grouping referring to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa |
BRIICS | Acronym of grouping referring to Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, China, and South Africa |
CFE | Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty |
CIA | Central Intelligence Agency (USA) |
CIS | Commonwealth of Independent States |
CaPRF | Cossack Party of the Russian Federation |
Cheka | All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage (Soviet secret service, December 19171922) |
CPRF | Communist Party of the Russian Federation |
CPSU | Communist Party of the Soviet Union |
CSTO | Collective Security Treaty Organization |
CU | Customs Union |
DKRR | Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic |
DMD | Dobrovolnye Molodezhnye Druzhiny (Voluntary Youth Militias) |
DPNI | Dvizhenie protiv nelegalnoy immigratsii (Movement Against Illegal Immigration, extreme right organization) |
EU | European Union |
EurAsEc | Eurasian Economic Community |
FSB | Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation) |
GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
GRU | Glavnoe Razvedyvatelnoe Upravlenie (Main Intelligence Directorate, Russian Military Foreign Intelligence Agency) |
HJ | Hitlerjugend (Hitler Youth) |
IMF | International Monetary Fund |
ITAR-TASS | Russian News Agency |
KGB | Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti (Committee for State Security, secret service of the Soviet Union) |
KOMSOMOL | Kommunisticheskiy Soyuz Molodezhi (Communist Youth Union, youth department of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union) |
KTO | kontrterroristicheskie operatsii (counterterrorist operations) |
LDPR | Liberal-Democratic Party of Russia |
MAP | Membership Action Plan (NATO) |
MID | Ministerstvo Inostrannykh Del Rossiyskoy Federatsii (Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation) |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
NSDAP | Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers Party) |
OPEC | Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries |
OSCE | Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe |
PARNAS | Partiya Narodnoy Svobody (Peoples Freedom Party) |
ROC | Russian Orthodox Church |
OAS | Organisation de larme secrte (French far-right paramilitary organization) |
PACE | Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe |
PA CSTO | Parliamentary Assembly of the CSTO |
PDPA | Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (Communist Party of Afghanistan) |
RIA NOVOSTI | Russian News Agency |
ROSMOLODEZH | Russian Federal Youth Agency |
SA | Sturm Abteilung (paramilitary organization of Hitlers NSDAP) |
SCO | Shanghai Cooperation Organization |
SdP | Sudetendeutsche Partei (Sudeten German Party) |
SED | Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Communist Party of the German Democratic Republic) |
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