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Fred L. Walker - From Texas to Rome: Fighting World War II and the Italian Campaign with the 36th Infantry Division

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Major General Fred Walker assumed command of the Texas National Guards 36th Infantry Division in September 1941. He led it for the next 34 months through training, overseas deployment, and World War IIs horrific Italian campaign. Throughout, Walker kept a daily journal in which he recorded his experiences on and off the battlefield. The diary was originally published in a limited run in 1969 and has been out of print for decades. Thanks to the efforts of the Texas Military Forces Museum (the official museum of the Texas National Guard), Walkers remarkable and very rare memoir is available once more in From Texas to Rome: Fighting World War II and the Italian Campaign with the 36th Infantry Division.
General Walkers wartime journal provides a refreshingly candid version of some of World War IIs most important battles, as well as a frank appraisal of key figures in the Allied high command and their military operations. Walkers 36th Infantry Division participated in the battle to secure the Salerno beachhead and, amid horrible weather conditions, waged a bloody struggle up the Italian boot against determined German troops dug into mountain strongholds. The battles of San Pietro and Monte Cassino, the controversial attempt to cross the Rapido River, and the break out from Anzio come to life as Walker relates the difficulties he faced combating not only the Germans, but Lieutenant General Mark Clark and the Allied high command.
This unique and thoroughly gripping account puts readers at General Walkers side as he argues against the disastrous Rapido operation, worries about his men fighting in Italys bitter conditions, and fights to overcome his superiors doubts to plan and execute the daring attack on Monte Artemisio, which broke the Anzio stalemate and landed the Allies in Rome four days later.
This special 75th Anniversary of World War II reprint includes a guest Preface by award-winning author Jeffrey Wm. Hunt, Director of the Texas Military Forces Museum. From Texas to Rome is essential reading for anyone interested in the realities of the U.S. Army high command during World War II, and the truth about what happened at Salerno, the Rapido, and Anzio.

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Fred L. Walker
From Texas to Rome: Fighting World War II and the Italian Campaign with the 36th Infantry Division

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FROM TEXAS TO ROME
A GENERALS JOURNAL
FRED L. WALKER
Picture 1
Savas Beatie
California
2021 Texas Military Forces Historical Foundation
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Walker, Fred L. (Fred Livingood), 1887-1969, author.
Title: From Texas to Rome: Fighting World War II and the Italian Campaign with the 36th Infantry Division / by Fred L. Walker.
Other titles: Fighting World War II and the Italian Campaign with the 36th Infantry Division
Description: El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie [2020] | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: Major General Fred Walkers World War II journal kept while commanding the 36th Infantry Division (Texas National Guard) during training and the bloody Italian Campaign including the battle of Salerno, San Pietro, the Rapido River and Anzio breakout. This special 75th Anniversary of World War II reprint includes a guest Preface by award-winning author Jeffrey Wm. Hunt, Director of the Texas Military Forces Museum. From Texas to Rome is essential reading for anyone interested in the realities of the U.S. Army high command during World War II Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020011183 | ISBN 9781611214826 (paperback) |
ISBN 9781940669489 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Walker, Fred L. (Fred Livingood), 1887-1969Diaries. | World War, 1939-1945Regimental historiesUnited States. | United States. Army. Infantry Division, 36thHistory. | World War, 1939-1945Campaigns-Italy. | World War, 1939-1945Personal narratives, American.
Classification: LCC D769.31 36th .W325 2020 | DDC 940.54/1273092 [B]--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020011183
Savas Beatie first edition, first printing.
Picture 2
Savas Beatie
989 Governor Drive, Suite 102
El Dorado Hills, CA 95762
916-941-6896 /
All of our titles are available at special discount rates for bulk purchases in the United States. Contact us for information.
TO THE MEN OF THE 36TH
Whose patriotism, steadfastness in time of trial and valour in combat are an imperishable memorial to the Texas Division
Major General Fred L Walker Table of Contents - photo 3
Major General Fred L Walker Table of Contents - photo 4
Major General Fred L. Walker
Table of Contents
F OREWORD TO THE 2021 E DITION
Everything about Texas is big: its geography, its resources, its pride, and especially its history. No state in the Union has a grander military heritage than Texas. The battles of the Alamo and San Jacinto were fought on Texas soil. As a republic it once had its own Navy, and some of the countrys most famous military organizations hail from the Lone Star State. The commanders who led Texans into battle during the nineteenth century are just as notable as the units they led. Sam Houston, William Barrett Travis, Jim Bowie, Davy Crockett, Ben McCulloch, Jack Hays, John S. Rip Ford, John Bell Hood and Hiram Granbury are just a few among the many names that inhabit the Valhalla of Texas military heroes.
The industrial scale of warfare in the twentieth century offered less room for personalities to win fame while commanding anything smaller than an army or a fleet. During World War II, however, one name in particular was added to the list of Texas military greats from earlier times: Major General Fred L. Walker. General Walker commanded the 36th Infantry Division, a Texas National Guard outfit, from September 1941 until July 1944. He led a division longer than any other American officer during the Second World War. The 36th earned a formidable reputationand paid a high price for that distinction. Only five divisions in the entire U.S. Army suffered more casualties than the 36th during the course of the war.
No unit in the United States Army saw heavier combat or endured it longer under the worst possible circumstances than did the 36th Infantry Division. Sporting their distinctive T-patch, the men of that famed organization were the first Americans to land on the mainland of Europe where, alongside British units, they spearheaded the invasion of Mussolinis Italy at the Gulf of Salerno on September 9, 1943. After a brutal battle for the beachhead, the division helped capture Naples before slogging its way northward, often yard by bloody yard, in the horrific battle up the boot of Italy toward Rome.
After briefly serving in the Ohio National Guard, Walker became a career officer in the Regular Army and earned distinction in the First World War before being appointed (to his surprise) commander of the 36th Infantry Division in September 1941. The 36th had endured a little less than a month of combat during World War I and emerged with a good record. But like all National Guard units, it was held in low esteem by many Regular officers. Guardsmen resented this second class status and responded with their own negative views of the Regulars. Walker accepted his new assignment with some trepidation, but also with a determination not to pre-judge those under his command.
While treating his men with respect and dignity, he also demanded competence and set high standards for his division. His World War I experience meant Walker well understood the reality for which he was training his troops. Though his methods were rigorous, the general never lost sight of the humanity of his soldiers. He cared about their well-being and constantly strove to take care of them to the best of his capabilities. During the harsh winter months of the Italian Campaign, Walker fretted over the conditions in which his men were forced to live and remained acutely aware of their sufferings. Caught up in a strategy that required sustained offensive actioneven though the terrain offered a tenacious and well-trained enemy every advantageWalker tried to plan his battles in a way that promised the best chance of success with the least cost. He quietly fumed when poor decisions by corps and army headquarters forced him to throw his men into action without proper rest, reinforcements, or preparation.
It took a very special kind of leadership to maintain a divisions ability to fight as a cohesive unit, while retaining the trust, respect and admiration of the common soldiers who did the suffering and bleeding in ill-starred offensives at San Pietro, the Rapido River and Monte Cassino. Walker had that kind of leadership. After the 36th Division was nearly wrecked in the disastrous effort to cross the Rapido River in January 1944, a mission General Walker believed was ill-conceived and poorly supported, Walker rebuilt his shattered command prior to the 36th being sent to reinforce the Anzio beachhead just four months later.
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