Richard Peters - Voices from the Korean War: Personal Stories of American, Korean, and Chinese Soldiers

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Voices from the Korean War

Voices from the Korean War

PERSONAL STORIES of
AMERICAN, KOREAN, and
CHINESE SOLDIERS

Richard Peters and Xiaobing Li

THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY

Publication of this volume was made possible in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Copyright 2004 by The University Press of Kentucky

Paperback edition 2005

Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University.

All rights reserved.

Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky

663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008

www.kentuckypress.com

08 07 06 05 04 5 4 3 2 1

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Peters, Richard A.

Voices from the Korean war : personal stories of American, Korean, and Chinese soldiers / Richard Peters and Xiaobing Li.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-8131-2293-7 (Hardcover : alk. paper)

1. Korean War, 19501953Personal narratives. I. Li, Xiaobing, 1954 II. Title.

DS921.6.P37 2003

951.904'28dc21 2003014586

ISBN 0-8131-9120-3 (pbk : alk. paper)

This book is printed on acid-free recycled paper meeting the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials.

Manufactured in the United States of America

Member of the Association of American University Presses

Contents

Maps

Photographs

Abbreviations

CCP	Chinese Communist Party
CCYL	Chinese Communist Youth League
CIA	Central Intelligence Agency
CINCFE COM	Commander-in-Chief, Far East Command (U.S.)
CINC UNC	Commander-in-Chief, United Nations Command
CO	Commanding Officer (UN)
CP	Command Post
CPVF	Chinese Peoples Volunteers Force
CUF	Communist United Front (POW Camps, UN)
DPRK	Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (North Korea)
FDC	Fire Direction Center (UN)
FECOM	Far East Command (U.S.)
FO	Forward Observer
HQ	Headquarters
JCS	Joint Chiefs of Staff
KDP	Korean Democratic Party (South Korean)
KMAG	Korean Military Advisory Group (U.S.)
KMT	Kuomintang (Taiwan)
KNP	Korean National Police (South Korea)
KWP	Korean Workers Party (North Korea)
MASH	Mobile Army Surgical Hospital
MLR	Main Line of Resistance
NCO	Non-Commissioned Officer
NKPA	North Korean Peoples Army
PG	Prisoner Guard (POW Camps, UN)
PLA	Peoples Liberation Army (China)
POW	Prisoner of War
PRC	Peoples Republic of China
R&R	Rest and Recuperation
RCT	Regimental Combat Team
ROC	Republic of China (Taiwan)
ROK	Republic of Korea (South Korea)
ROKA	Republic of Korea Army
UN	United Nations
UNC	United Nations Command
UNF	United Nations forces
UNTCOK	United Nations Temporary Commission of Korea
U.S.	United States
USAF	United States Air Force
USO	United Services Organization (U.S.)
WWII	World War II

Note on Transliteration

The korean names of persons, places, and terms are translated by the co-authors, who follow the traditional East Asian practice that the surname is usually written first, as in Kim II Sung. Exceptions are made for a few figures whose names are widely known in reverse order, such as Syngman Rhee. If a place has different spellings in Korean and English literature, parentheses are used at its first appearancefor example, Hahwaokri (Hagaru-ri).

The pinyin romanization system is applied to Chinese names of persons, places, and terms. The transliteration is also used for the titles of Chinese publications. A persons name is written in the Chinese way, the surname first, such as Mao Zedong. Some popular names have traditional Wade-Giles spellings appearing in parentheses after the first use of the pinyin, such as Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek), as do popular names of places like Beijing (Peking).

Preface

Explaining the methods employed to collect these soldiers stories poses something of a problem, in part because three different nationalities are involvedAmerican, Korean, and Chinese. Since the co-authors worked independently, we proceeded quite differently. Consequently, as co-authors we decided to describe the process in the same way, independently, and to break it down by nationality. We will begin with the recollections of the American veterans.

Stories by American Soldiers (Dr. Richard Peters)

Obtaining stories of American veterans of the Korean War was undoubtedly much simpler than collecting stories on the Chinese and Korean veterans, but it was not without some problems. One might assume that since I served in Korea during the war, I needed only to contact some of the men in my unit, the Fifth Regimental Combat Team. But like many veterans, I had not kept in touch with a single person. Nor did I belong to any of the established veterans organizations where one could expect to meet Korean War veterans.

Fortunately, an active chapter of the Korean War Veterans Association existed in Oklahoma City. I joined the chapter and began attending their monthly meetings. I was pleased to learn that the veterans in the chapter represented a large number of the units that had served in Korea during the war. After becoming acquainted with some of the members, I encouraged them to write (or tape) their stories about the war with the hope they would someday be published. I encouraged them to write about their noncombat experiences as well as their time in combat, because hard work, boredom, and even humor are also part of war. Eventually, some of the veterans began to write down their wartime experiences. These stories varied greatly in length and style. Sometimes I made extensive changes and sometimes only minor editing and grammatical changes. In all cases, I returned my copy of the story to the veteran, who then had the opportunity to make any corrections and perhaps add a bit of new material that he had failed to recall earlier. Eventually, often after lengthy telephone conversations, the story was finished.

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