Jesus F. de la Teja - San Antonio de Bexar: A Community on New Spains Northern Frontier

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title	:	San Antonio De Bxar : A Community On New Spain's Northern Frontier
author	:	Teja, Jess F. de la.
publisher	:	University of New Mexico
isbn10 | asin	:	0826317510
print isbn13	:	9780826317513
ebook isbn13	:	9780585276724
language	:	English
subject	Spaniards--Texas--San Antonio--History, Mexicans--Texas--San Antonio--History, Community life--Texas--San Antonio--History , San Antonio (Tex.)--History, San Antonio (Tex.)--Social conditions.
publication date	:	1996
lcc	:	F394.S2T4 1996eb
ddc	:	976.4/351
subject	:	Spaniards--Texas--San Antonio--History, Mexicans--Texas--San Antonio--History, Community life--Texas--San Antonio--History , San Antonio (Tex.)--History, San Antonio (Tex.)--Social conditions.

Page iii San Antonio de Bxar A Community on New Spain's Northern Frontier Jess F. de la Teja University of New Mexico Albuquerque

Page iv Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Teja, Jess F. de la, 1956 San Antonio de Bxar : a community on New Spain's northern frontier / Jess F. de la Teja. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8263-1613-1.ISBN 0826317510 (pa) 1. San Antonio (Tex.)History. 2. SpaniardsTexasSan AntonioHistory. 3. MexicansTexasSan AntonioHistory. 4. Community lifeTexasSan AntonioHistory. 5. San Antonio (Tex.)Social conditions. I. Title. F394.S2T4 1995 976.4'351-dc20 94-18727 CIP 1995 by the University of New Mexico Press All rights reserved. Second paperbound printing, 1998 Design by Stephanie Jurs

Page v For Eduardo and Julia

Page vii Contents List of Figures ix Preface xi One Wilderness Outpost 3 Two The People of Bxar 17 Three Building a Frontier Town 31 Four Wealth of the Land 75 Five A Ranching Frontier 97 Six Making a Living 119 Seven Building a Frontier Community 139 Conclusion 157 Notes 161 Bibliography 205 Index 215

Page ix Figures Illustrations Section follows page 48 Maps The San Antonio Area in the Eighteenth Century 12 Bxar's Urban Expansion, 17181800 37 Irrigated Farmlands in Bxar 82 Tables 4.1 Maize Prices in Bxar, 17241799 95 5.1 Bxar Cattle Prices, 17291799 107 5.2 Livestock Ownership in Bxar, 1779 114 5.3 Top-Ten Bxar Cattle Owners, 1779 115

Page xi Preface This work examines community formation on the northern periphery of Spain's colonies in the Americas. As a military extension of a settlement frontier still hundreds of miles to the south, San Antonio de Bxar developed in isolation and sometimes in neglect. Yet this outpost was founded upon institutions already centuries old by settlers who were themselves the products of other frontier areas. As a result of the Spanish Crown's efforts to populate Texas's vast expanses, a small group of Canary Island colonists was added to the Mexican pioneer stock. Despite early conflicts between Isleo (Canary Islander) immigrants and Mexican settlers, economic and political forces shaped them into a single community by the latter part of the eighteenth century. The importance of Mexican settlers, indeed the importance of civilian settlers on the Spanish borderlands has not always been fully appreciated or understood. Beginning in the late nineteenth century and continuing until the present day, many popular writers and scholars have focused on the "Spanish" in the borderlands. Spanish governors, Spanish missionaries, Spanish irrigation practices, Spanish law and government have all been stressed.1 This historiographical tradition, focusing on the institutional and political development of the borderlands, has been expressed largely in the work of Herbert E. Bolton and his students and those influenced by the Boltonians.2 While these authors produced important and enduring works, they tended to write not about communities or regional societies, except as they reflected Spanish norms. For instance, in 1988 Gilbert R. Cruz published a book on town-founding in the borderlands that stressed the Iberian institutional characteristics of the municipalities.3

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