Pradeeka Seneviratne - Building Arduino PLCs: The Essential Techniques You Need to Develop Arduino-Based PLCs

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Pradeeka Seneviratne 2017

Pradeeka Seneviratne Building Arduino PLCs 10.1007/978-1-4842-2632-2_1

1. Getting Ready for the Development Environment

Pradeeka Seneviratne 1

(1)

Udumulla, Mulleriyawa, Sri Lanka

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this chapter (doi: 10.1007/978-1-4842-2632-2_1 ) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a digital computer that continuously monitors or scans the state of input devices and controls the state of output devices based on a custom program. A basic industrial PLC typically consists of an embedded computer, inputs, outputs, and a power supply with battery backup. They usually automate industrial electromechanical processes.

Figure presents an industrial PLC mounted on a DIN rail . This unit consists of separate elements, including a power supply, controller, and unit for handling inputs and outputs. Typically for high voltage levels, the input unit consists of optically isolated inputs and output unit consists of optically isolated relay outputs. The passive components are enclosures, terminal block connectors, and DIN rails.

Figure 1-1.

Modules of an Arduino-based PLC Image courtesy of Hartmut Wendt at www.hwhardsoft.de

The following are the major components that can be identified in the Figure .

1. Power supply
2. Controller
3. Relay/non-relay unit for input and output
4. Enclosure
5. Terminal block connectors
6. DIN rail

Arduino Development Environment can be used to build functional PLCs that can be used with some industrial automation and process control. Youll learn how to choose appropriate components for various parts of the PLC, such as the CPU, inputs, outputs, network interfaces, power supplies, and battery backups.

This chapter provides a comprehensive shopping guide to purchasing various assembled printed circuit boards, some of the hardware components ( active and passive ), and setting up your development environment to make all the projects discussed in the chapters in the book.

Well provide an array of manufacturers and suppliers, but the products may have same core functionalities and slightly different features. A good example is the Arduino UNO board that comes with different features depending on the manufacturer, but uses the same Arduino UNO bootloader .

Note

This guide is only limited to the major hardware components that will be needed to build projects discussed in this book. The information presented here gives you a basic idea when it comes to purchasing those products from various vendors and manufacturers. The detailed technical guide will provide all the information about the products discussed in the respective chapters.

Buying an Arduino

Arduino comes with different flavors, including boards, modules, shields, and kits. The examples and projects discussed in this book use the Arduino UNO board, which is the basic board of the entire Arduino family. There are plenty of Arduino UNO clones and derived boards available and you may be confused about which one to buy. Following are some popular boards that can be used to start building your development environment, and buying one of them is necessary.

Arduino UNO and Genuino UNO

The Arduino online store is a very good way to purchase an Arduino UNO board. Currently, there are two brands available for Arduino. The Arduino UNO is now available for sale ( store-usa.arduino.cc ) in the United States only and the Genuino UNO is available for sale ( store.arduino.cc ) in the rest of the world.

Arduino UNO

You can purchase an Arduino UNO Rev3 board (see Figure ).

Figure 1-2.

Arduino UNO Rev3 board . Image courtesy of arduino.cc

Also, the SMD version (Rev3) of this board is also available at the following stores if youd like to purchase it.

• Arduino.org : about 20.90 http://world.arduino.org/en/arduino/arduino-uno-smd-rev3.html
• SparkFun about $29.95 https://www.sparkfun.com/products/11224

Genuino UNO

Genuino UNO (see Figure ).

Figure 1-3.

Genuino UNO Rev3 board . Image courtesy of arduino.cc

Cable and Power Supply

Dont forget to buy a USB cable and a power supply to work with the Arduino board .

USB Cable

You can use one of the following USB cables or a similar cable to work with Arduino.

• Adafruit - USB Cable - Standard A-B - 3 ft/1m (about $3.95; https://www.adafruit.com/products/62 )
• SparkFun - USB Cable A to B - 6 Foot (about $3.95; https://www.sparkfun.com/products/512 )

Power Supply

The Arduino board can be supplied with power between 7-12V from the DC power jack. Choosing a 9V power supply is sufficient to function the Arduino board properly. Here are some of the power packs that are ready to work with Arduino.

• Adafruit -9 VDC 1000mA regulated switching power adapter; UL listed (about $6.95; https://www.adafruit.com/product/63 )
• SparkFun - Wall Adapter Power Supply - 9VDC 650mA (about $5.95; https://www.sparkfun.com/products/298 )

Arduino UNO Clones and Derived Boards

There are plenty of Arduino UNO clones and derived boards (also known as derivatives ) available from various manufacturers. The exact replicas of the Arduino boards with different branding are called clones. Arduino derivatives are different from clones, because they are derived from the Arduino hardware design but provide a different layout and a set of features (i.e., Teensy by PJRC and Flora by Adafruit), often to better serve a specific market. One of the following is a great choice for an alternative Arduino UNO board.

Seeeduino (Figure ).

Figure 1-4.

Seeeduino v4.2 . Image courtesy of Seeed Development Limited

You will also need a micro-USB cable to program this board (about $2.5; https://www.seeedstudio.com/Micro-USB-Cable-48cm-p-1475.html ).

SparkFun RedBoard

SparkFun RedBoard (see Figure ). This shield brings some favorite features like UNOs optiboot bootloader, the stability of the FTDI, and the R3 shield compatibility.

Figure 1-5.

SparkFun RedBoard . Image From SparkFun Electronics; Photo taken by Juan Pea

You also need a USB Mini-B cable to program this board (about $3.95; https://www.sparkfun.com/products/11301 ). You can power the board over USB or through the barrel jack .

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