Short - SQL: Beginner to Pro Guide

SQL Beginner to Pro Guide By Timothy Short
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Table of Contents

I want to thank you and congratulate you for choosing the book, SQL: Beginner to Pro Guide . This book contains proven steps and strategies on how to become a pro at the use of SQL programming! Whether you are a beginner, already have your feet in the water of SQL programming, or are a seasoned veteran, this step-by-step guide is sure to have something for you. You will learn everything from what SQL is, the benefits of programming with SQL, programming at the most basic levels, all the way to how to program like a pro.

If you are using SQL for your website, then you will be especially interested in how to properly program to prevent malicious hackers from destroying your database with an SQL injection! Dont know what that is? Well, its nasty and we can show you how to prevent it. This book includes everything from SQL SELECT to SQL WILDCARDS, and even how to create your own database and recommended data types, and everything in between! Thanks again for choosing this book, I hope you enjoy it!

Structured Query Language, or SQL, is a specialized programming language used for managing data in an RDBMS, Relational Database Management System, or for stream processing in an RDSMS, Relational Data Stream Management System. SQL is an American National Standards Institute, or ANSI, standard language used to allow you to access and manipulate databases. This allows you to access and change databases containing information on people, products, order history, and pretty much anything else used by many dynamic websites across the World Wide Web.
Here is a short list of what you can do using SQL and databases: Execute queries against a database Collect data from a database Insert, update and delete records in databases Create whole new databases Create entirely new tables within an existing database Create and store procedures within a database Create views within a database Set permissions on tables, procedures and views in a database Even though SQL is an ANSI standard, there are variations throughout the industry. However, in order to comply with ANSI, they all support major commands, such as Update, Delete, Insert, Select, and Where.

In order to build a website that shows information from a database, you will need the following: An RDBMS program like SQL Server, MySQL, or MS Access. Use server side scripting like PHP or ASP Use SQL to obtain the data you want Use HTML/CSS What is RDBMS? Relational Database Management Systems are the basis for SQL, as well as all modern database systems, like IMB DB2, MS SQL Server, Oracle, Microsoft Access, and MySQL. The data contained within an RDBMS is stored in what is called tables, which are collections of related data placed in columns and rows.

Databases often contain more than one table. Each table has its own name. The rows in a table are known as records, whereas the columns contain data for each record.

Throughout the tutorials you will see here, we will be working with the Northwind sample database. This is included in MS SQL Server and MS Access. Below you will find a selection from the table named Customers. (The above table from the Northwind sample database contains five records (rows) and seven columns. Each record pertains to one customer, and each column pertains to data on that customer.) Statements Most actions performed on a database are done by utilizing SQL Statements. In order to select all records in the Customers table, use the following statement: SELECT * FROM Customers ; When doing this, you will see that rather than just 5 rows, you get the complete list of customers in the table.

SQL keywords are not case sensitive, that means that SELECT = select = Select. However, for the sake of continuity, we will use all uppercase for all SQL keywords. Semicolon Usage: The use of a semicolon at the end of each SQL statement is required by some database systems. This is the standard practice for separating each SQL statement when the database system allows more than one statement to be executed in the same server call. We will be using a semicolon at the end of each statement. Important and Common SQL Commands: SELECT - extract database data UPDATE - updates database data DELETE - deletes database data INSERT INTO - inserts new database data CREATE DATABASE - creates new database ALTER DATABASE - modifies database CREATE TABLE - creates a table ALTER TABLE - modifies a table DROP TABLE removes or deletes a table CREATE INDEX - creates search key or index DROP INDEX - deletes index

The SQL SELECT Statement is used to extract data from a database.

Once used, you will see the results displayed in what is called a result-set, or a result table. SQL SELECT Syntax: SELECT column_name,column_name FROM table_name; And SELECT * FROM table_name; Again, we are using the Northwind sample database. Below is a selection of Northwinds Customers table: The following is an example of selecting columns. This SQL Statement selects the CustomerName and City columns: SELECT CustomerName,City FROM Customers; Number of Records: 91 (This example only contains the first five cities that would be listed in the Northwind sample database.) Using this statement will provide you with a results table containing a complete list of all customers in one column, and their cities in the other. Alternately, as seen before, you can select all columns in the table titled Customers by using this statement: SELECT * FROM Customers; Navigating in a Result Table Navigation in the result-set with programming functions is allowed in most database software systems.

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