Along Prehistoric Lines
Neolithic, Iron Age and Romano-British Activity at the Former MOD Headquarters, Durrington, Wiltshire
Steve Thompson and Andrew B. Powell
with contributions by
Alistair J. Barclay, Dana Challinor, Nicholas Cooke, Phil Harding,
L. Higbee, Rob Ixer, Matt Leivers, Jacqueline I. McKinley,
R. H. Seager Smith, Chris J. Stevens and Sarah F. Wyles
Illustrations by
Will Foster and S. E. James
Wessex Archaeology Occasional Paper
2018
Published 2018 by Wessex Archaeology Ltd
Portway House, Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, SP4 6EB
www.wessexarch.co.uk
Copyright 2018 Wessex Archaeology Ltd
All rights reserved
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-911137-04-7
eISBN 978-1-911137-05-4
Mobi ISBN 978-1-911137-07-8
Designed and typeset by Kenneth Lymer
Cover design by Will Foster
Copy-edited by Philippa Bradley
Front cover
Aerial view of Area 1 from the west, showing the line of the Late Iron Age enclosure ditch
Back cover
Northsouth line of Late Neolithic postholes, viewed from the north
Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a company limited by guarantee registered in England, company number 1712772. It is also a Charity registered in England and Wales number 287786, and in Scotland, Scottish Charity number SC042630. Our registered office is at Portway House, Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 6EB.
List of Figures
Chapter 1
Figure 1.1 Sites around Durrington mentioned in the text
Figure 1.2 Location of the site, showing major sites within the immediate vicinity
Figure 1.3 The site in relation to the earlier phases of evaluation
Chapter 2
Figure 2.1 Location of the Allerd soil
Figure 2.2 Section showing the Allerd soil sequence
Chapter 3
Figure 3.1 Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age features
Figure 3.2 Sections of selected postholes from post alignments
Figure 3.3 Section of Late Neolithic pit 7012
Figure 3.4 Solution hollow 6257
Figure 3.5 Hollow 7306
Chapter 4
Figure 4.1 Iron Age features
Figure 4.2 Iron Age graves
Figure 4.3 Late Iron Age ditch 6203, section 2002
Figure 4.4 Late Iron Age ditch 6203, sections 5199 and 5976
Chapter 5
Figure 5.1 Romano-British features in Area 1
Figure 5.2 Romano-British features in Areas 2 and 4
Figure 5.3 Trackway and associated features
Figure 5.4 Ditch 6229
Figure 5.5 Quarry pit group 6232
Figure 5.6 Storage pits
Figure 5.7 Subrectangular pits
Figure 5.8 Solution hollow 6513
Figure 5.9 Distribution of ovens/driers and pottery kilns
Figure 5.10 Oven 7245
Figure 5.11 Pottery kiln 7214
Figure 5.12 Graves 6511 and 7376
Figure 5.13 Medieval to modern features
Chapter 6
Figure 6.1 Worked flint (115)
Figure 6.2 Bluestone object (polished areas shown in tone)
Figure 6.3 Other stone and chalk objects (14)
Figure 6.4 Neolithic pottery (113)
Figure 6.5 Iron Age (12) and latest Iron Age/Romano-British pottery (332)
Figure 6.6 Romano-British pottery (3341)
Figure 6.7 Fired clay objects (17)
Figure 6.8 Metalwork (110)
Figure 6.9 Glass bead
Figure 6.10 Worked bone objects (18)
Figure 6.11 Romano-British: relative importance of livestock species by NISP, MNE, MNI and MWE
Figure 6.12 Romano-British: epiphyseal fusion data for sheep and cattle postcranial elements
Figure 6.13 Mortality profile for Romano-British sheep based on mandibles retaining 2+ teeth with recordable wear
Chapter 7
Figure 7.1 Probability distributions of radiocarbon dates for samples associated with the Neolithic posthole alignments and the cremation burial
Figure 7.2 Late Neolithic posts and burial: selected parameters based on the model presented in Figure 7.1
Figure 7.3 Radiocarbon results for selected Middle-Late Iron Age burials
Figure 7.4 Radiocarbon dates for enclosure ditch 6203
Figure 7.5 Radiocarbon dates for selected animal bone deposits plotted at 95% confidence
List of Plates
Chapter 1
Plate 1.1 Aerial view of Durrington, showing site under partial excavation, with Durrington Walls at bottom right (photo courtesy of Jack Gibbs and the Royal Navy)
Chapter 2
Plate 2.1 The Allerd soil visible in the eastern side of ditch 6203 (slot 5199), viewed from the west
Chapter 3
Plate 3.1 Late Neolithic posthole 6882, alignment 6260, viewed from the north-west, note remains of charred post (ON 187) in section
Plate 3.2 Late Neolithic posthole 5918, alignment 6255, viewed from the south
Plate 3.3 Late Neolithic pit 7012, viewed from the south-west