S. N. Eisenstadt - From Generation to Generation

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The International Library of Sociology

FROM GENERATION
TO GENERATION

Founded by KARL MANNHEIM

The International Library of Sociology

THE SOCIOLOGY OF GENDER AND THE FAMILY
In 15 Volumes

I	Adopted Children	McWhinnie
II	Britain's Married Women Workers	Klein
III	Families and their Relatives	Firth et al
IV	The Family and Democratic Society	Folsom
V	The Family and Social Change	Rosser et al
VI	The Family Herds	Gulliver
VII	Family Socialization and Interaction Process	Parsons et al
VIII	Foster Care	George
IX	From Generation to Generation	Eisenstadt
X	The Golden Wing	Yueh-Hwa
XI	In Place of Parents	Trasler
XII	In Retirement	Bracey
XIII	Middle Class Families	Bell
XIV	Nation and Family	Myrdal
XV	Women's Two Roles	Myrdal et al

FROM GENERATION
TO GENERATION

Age Groups and Social Structure

by

S. N. EISENSTADT

First published in 1956 by

Routledge

Reprinted in 1998, 2001 by

Routledge

2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Transferred to Digital Printing 2007

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group

1956 S. N. Eisenstadt

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

The publishers have made every effort to contact authors/copyright holders of the works reprinted in The International Library of Sociology. This has not been possible in every case, however, and we would welcome correspondence from those individuals/companies we have been unable to trace.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

From Generation to Generation
ISBN 0-415-17650-6
The Sociology of Gender and the Family: 15 Volumes
ISBN 0-415-17827-4
The International Library of Sociology: 274 Volumes
ISBN 0-415-17838-X

Publisher's Note

The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original may be apparent

To Shulamit

Contents

Analytical Table of Contents

CHAPTER I.

Age Groups and Social Structure: The Problem

The nature of age differences and age grading in the social structure

The basic preconditions of age grading; the exigencies of the process of socialization and of continuity of the social system

The importance of age grading for the development and social integration of the personality

Age grading and social maturation; initiation ceremonies

Allocation of roles and definition of boundaries of groups on the basis of age. Age-heterogeneous and age-homogeneous groups. The problem of the book: the place of age in the social structure and conditions under which age-homogeneous groups exist.

The nature of age-heterogeneous and age-homogeneous groups; the family as an age-heterogeneous group; family extension; kinship systems; the pattern variables regulating kinship relations; kinship systems and descent groups as age-heterogeneous groups

The basic hypothesis: the existence of age groups in societies not regulated by kinship or other particularistic criteria

Explanation of the hypothesis: the development of need-dispositions for interaction with age mates in nonparticularistic societies

Explanation of the hypothesis: the importance of role allocation on the basis of age homogeneity and establishment of age-homogeneous groups in nonparticularistic societies

The second basic hypothesis: age groups in authoritarian family and kinship groups

Summary: formal presentation of the hypothesis

CHAPTER II.

Some Types of Age Groups

Introduction
A.	Primitive Segmentary, Acephalous tribes
The Nuer
The Nandi
The Plains Indian Age Societies
B.	Conciliar (Acephalous) Primitive Villages: The Yako
C.	Primitive Centralized Chiefdoms and Monarchies: The Swazi, The Nupe, The Nyakyusa
D.	Peasant Villages: Age Groups among Irish Peasants
E.	Modern Societies
Informal and Semi-formal youth groups and youth culture
Israeli Youth Movements
The Free German Youth Movement
The Kibbutz
The Komsomol

CHAPTER III.

Age Groups in Nonkinship (Universalistic) Societies

Institutional criteria and derivations of universalistic (non-kinship) integrative principles

Age groups in non-kinship segmentary African tribes; comparative analysis

Age groups in decentralized African villages; comparative analysis

Age groups among the Plains Indians; comparative analysis

Age groups in primitive kingdoms (chiefdoms); comparative analysis

Age groups in the semi-feudal Kingdom of the Nupe

Age groups in Ancient Greece: Sparta and Athens; comparative analysis

General characteristics of primitive and historical age groups

The general conditions of emergence of age groups within modern societies

The basic social characteristics of the modern educational systems

The development of youth agencies and organizations and of the youth problem, in modern societies

The development of spontaneous youth groups and movements in modern societies

The historical development of modern youth groups and the emergence of youth groups in situations of culture contact and immigration

The distribution of youth groups among different sectors of modern societies

General characteristics of modern youth groups

Common characteristics of age groups; differentiation of main types; the problem of the next chapters

CHAPTER IV.

Specialization and the Structure of Age Groups

Meaning of specialization and achievement orientation; criteria of analysis

Specialization in segmentary primitive tribes

Specialization in primitive villages and centralized monarchies

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