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Dan L. Thrapp - Al Sieber: Chief of Scouts

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title Al Sieber Chief of Scouts author Thrapp Dan L - photo 1

title:Al Sieber : Chief of Scouts
author:Thrapp, Dan L.
publisher:University of Oklahoma Press
isbn10 | asin:0806127708
print isbn13:9780806127705
ebook isbn13:9780806170077
language:English
subjectSieber, Al, Scouts and scouting--Arizona--Biography, Apache Indians--Wars, Indians of North America--Wars--1866-1895, Frontier and pioneer life--Arizona, Arizona--History--To 1912.
publication date:1995
lcc:F811.T5S5 1995eb
ddc:979.1/04/092
subject:Sieber, Al, Scouts and scouting--Arizona--Biography, Apache Indians--Wars, Indians of North America--Wars--1866-1895, Frontier and pioneer life--Arizona, Arizona--History--To 1912.
Page i
Al Sieber
Chief of Scouts
By Dan L Thrapp Foreword by Donald E Worcester UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA - photo 2
By Dan L. Thrapp
Foreword by Donald E. Worcester
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA PRESS
NORMAN AND LONDON
Page ii
To Grace and Frank Thrapp,
my parents, who bestowed upon me a
love for frontier history, a recognition
of bravery, integrity, and devotion to
duty, and an appreciation for the
unappreciated.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Thrapp, Dan L.
Al Sieber : chief of scouts / by Dan L. Thrapp; foreword by
Donald E. Worcester.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8061-2770-8 (alk. paper)
1. Sieber, Al. 2. Scouts and scouting Arizona Biography.
3. Apache Indians Wars. 4. Indians of North America Wars
18661895. 5. Frontier and pioneer life Arizona. 6. Arizona
History To 1912. I. Title.
F811.T5S5 1995
979.1'04'092 dc20
[B] 95-8305
CIP
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc. Picture 3
Copyright 1964 by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Publishing Division of the University. Foreword by Donald E. Worcester copyright 1995 by the University of Oklahoma Press. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the U.S.A. First edition, 1964. First paperback printing, 1995.
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Page iii
Foreword
The late nineteenth-century Apache wars in Arizona undoubtedly involved some of the most strenuous campaigning ever undertaken by American soldiers. Apache hideouts were in extremely rugged mountains, and many of the expeditions against them took place during midwinter. Deep snow, freezing temperatures, and icy gales made life miserable for the troopers, who were often out in the field a month at a time. Under such conditions they experienced great difficulty in locating the elusive Apaches in their native terrain. To ensure more successful expeditions, the troops turned to scouts, both white and Indian, to track down and locate the Apaches.
General George Crook, who was Commander of the Department of Arizona from 1871 to 1875 and again in the 1880s, discovered by experimenting what none of his predecessors had learned only Apaches could catch Apaches. Thereafter, he relied heavily on Apaches both as scouts and as fighting men under civilian scouts, a practice General Philip Sheridan frowned on because it reflected poorly on the fighting ability of the cavalry.
The detachments sent after hostile Apaches typically were a combination of Apache scouts and U.S. troops. Crook advised recruiting the "wildest" Apaches as scouts, for they enjoyed battle and knew of their kindred's hiding places as well. Such Apaches, often enemies one day and scouts for the cavalry the next, required unusual men to control them and ensure their loyalty. Crook was fortunate in being able to hire some excellent white scouts to manage the Apaches, of which the very best was German-born Albert Sieber.
Page iv
Sieber's ability to control the fiercest Apaches and to use them effectively against renegades was indeed extraordinary. When asked to explain the secret of his success in managing the Apache scouts, he replied, "I do not deceive them but always tell them the truth. When I tell them I am going to kill them, I do it, and when I tell them I am their friend, they know it."
In 1866, after serving in the Civil War with the First Minnesota Volunteers and being wounded at Gettysburg, Sieber headed west and eventually reached California. From there he helped drive a herd of horses to Arizona Territory, and then he turned to managing a ranch near Prescott for a few years while doing some prospecting. Pursuits of Apache raiders were frequent around Prescott, and soon he began learning the rudiments of scouting from Dan O'Leary, one of the best scouts.
When General Crook launched his campaign against the Apaches in 1872, Sieber signed on as a scout. This was to be his calling for the next two decades, and his successes made him well known and respected throughout the territory. Most of the punitive operations he accompanied against the Apaches were highly successful, and those operations from which he was absent met with few triumphs. Perhaps the greatest tribute to his abilities was paid by a San Carlos Apache who, although strongly contemplating it, decided against bolting the reservation, no matter how miserable life might become, because, he said, Sieber would find him even if he left no tracks.
According to the author, Dan L. Thrapp, Sieber was involved in more Indian fights than Daniel Boone, Jim Bridger, and Kit Carson combined. He took part in scores of Apache hunts because it was difficult for the nomadic Apaches to give up their freedom some never were reconciled to reservation life. The deadly raids and killings by these renegade Apaches made it necessary for U.S. troops to hunt them down and eliminate them. Later, cheating contractors and dishonest agents forced some starving Apaches to make a break out of desperation. The main reason the Apache wars were prolonged for a decade, however, was because of the government's ill-advised concentration policy, which motivated
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