Ivan Lindsay - The history of loot and stolen art: from antiquity until the present day

Title page

The History of Loot and Stolen Art

from Antiquity until the Present Day

Ivan Lindsay

Frontispiece

Publisher information

First published in the United Kingdom in 2014 by

Unicorn Press Ltd, 66 Charlotte Street, London W1T 4QE

2014 digital version by Andrews UK Limited

www.andrewsuk.com

Text copyright 2014 Ivan Lindsay

Layout copyright 2014 Unicorn Press Ltd

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any other information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher.

Originally designed by

Geoff Green Book Design, Cambridge CB24 4RA

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Frontispiece: detail from Portrait of Wally 1912 by Egon Schiele (1890-1918)

Acknowledgments

The publisher would like to thank the following individuals, photographic libraries, museums and galleries for permission to reproduce their material. Any errors or omissions are entirely unintentional and the publishers will, if informed, make amendments in future editions of this book:

Key:

AA: The Art Archive,

BAL: The Bridgeman Art Library,

Frontispiece ii: Leopold Museum, Vienna/AA/ DeA Picture Library/E. Lessing; 6 Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, USA /BAL; 8 Bymuseum, Oslo/ Index/BAL; 10 Corbis; 13 Unicorn Press Archive; 14 Bettmann/Corbis; 15 Ancient Art and Architecture Collection Ltd. /BAL; 16 Unicorn Press Archive; 17 De Agostini/Getty Images; 18 Stuart Black/Robert Harding World Imagery/Corbis; 20 Museo Archeologico Nazionale,Naples/Giraudon /BAL; 21 Unicorn Press Archive; 22 De Agostini/ Getty Images; 24 Education Images/ UIG; 26 Muse du Louvre, Paris /DEA Picture Library; 27 Hughes Herv/AGE Fotostock; 28 Tarker /BAL; 29 Antonello Lanzellotto/AGE Fotostock; 33 De Agostini/Getty Images; 34 Bymuseum, Oslo/Index /BAL; 35 AA/ British Library; 36 De Agostini Picture Library/ M. Seemuller/BAL; 40 Valentn Rodrguez/Age Fotostock; 42 AA/ Granger Collection; 44 AA/Granger Collection; 45 Palazzo Ducale, Venice/ Cameraphoto Arte Venezia/BAL; 47 AA/ Bibliothque de lArsenal, Paris/ Kharbine-Tapabor/Coll. Jean Vigne; 49 Basilica di San Marco,Venice/ Cameraphoto Arte Venezia/BAL; 53 Guenter Rossenbach/Corbis; 55 UIG via Getty Images; 56 Tewkesbury Abbey/BAL; 59 Jos Antonio Moreno/Age Fotostock; 60 Galleria dell Accademia Carrara, Bergamo/BAL; 61 Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence/ Giraudon/BAL; 63 Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Gemldegalerie/AA/ DeA Picture Library/G. Nimatallah; 64 Barberini, Rome/BAL; 65 The Trustees of the Weston Park Foundation/BAL; 67 Getty Images; 68 David Hunter/Age Fotostock; 70 Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana, Florence/ BAL; 73 akg-images/Erich Lessing; 76 De Agostini Picture Library/BAL; 77 De Agostini Picture Library/G. Dagli Orti /BAL; 78 AA /National History Museum Mexico City/Gianni Dagli Orti; 81 AA/ Biblioteca Nacional Madrid/ Gianni Dagli Orti; 82 Biblioteca Medicea-Laurenziana, Florence,/BAL; 83 2013 Banco de Mxico Diego Rivera Frida Kahlo Museums Trust, Mexico, D.F./DACS/Sean Sprague/Mexicolore /BAL; 84 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London; 87 National Portrait Gallery, London; 89 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London; 90 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London; 92 AA /Museo del Prado Madrid/ Collection Dagli Orti; 93 National Portrait Gallery London; 94 National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London; 95 Calcografia Nacional, Madrid, Spain/Index/BAL; 96 AA/University Library Geneva/Gianni Dagli Orti; 100 Erik Cornelius/ Nationalmuseum, Stockholm; 102 Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin/BAL; 103 Musee Conde, Chantilly, France/Giraudon /BAL; 106 akg-Images; 107 Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin /BAL; 109 AA/ Museo del Prado Madrid; 110 Dallas John Heaton/ AGE fotostock; 112 Uppsala University Library, Sweden; 114 National Library Sweden; 115 akg-images / Erich Lessing; 117 National Galleries of Scotland; 118 Erik Cornelius/ Nationalmuseum, Stockholm; 119 AA / Skoklosters Slot Balsta; 120 Massimo Listri/Corbis; 122 akg-images; 124 Burghley House Collection, Lincolnshire/BAL; 126 His Grace The Duke of Norfolk, Arundel Castle/BAL; 128 AA/British Museum/Eileen Tweedy; 129 Kunst Historisches Museum Wien/De Agostini Picture Library/G. Nimatallah/BAL; 130 Muse du Louvre, Paris/Giraudon/BAL; 131 National Gallery, London; 132 The Royal Collection 2013 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II/BAL; 135 Private Collection/Photo Christies Images/BAL; 136 Louvre, Paris/ Giraudon/BAL; 138 National Trust; 139 AA/Galleria degli Uffizi Florence/ Collection Dagli Orti; 141 akg-images; 142 The National Gallery, London; 143 Burghley House Collection, Lincolnshire/BAL; 145 The Royal Collection 2013 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II/BAL; 148 Victoria and Albert Museum, London; 150 Muse du Louvre Paris,/ Peter Willi/BAL; 153 Chateau de Versailles, France/Giraudon /BAL; 155 adoc-photos/Corbis; 157 Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne/ Giraudon/BAL; 160 Pinacoteca Nazionale, Bologna/BAL; 161 AA/DeA Picture Library /V. Pirozzi; 162 Musee Ceramique, Sevres/Unicorn Press Archive; 163 Citt Del Vaticano, Vatican Museums, Picture Gallery/AA/DeA Picture Library/G. Nimatallah; 165 Corbis; 166-167 Muse du Louvre, Paris/ Peter Willi /BAL; 169 Biblio theque Nationale de France, Paris/Unicorn Press Archive; 170 Getty Images; 171 National Portrait Gallery, London; 173 Versailles, France/Giraudon/BAL; 174 Universal History Archive/UIG/BAL; 176-177t (C) RMN-Grand Palais (muse du Louvre)/Grard Blot; 177b English Heritage Photo Library; 178 Muse du Louvre, Paris/Giraudon/BAL; 179 Muse du Louvre, Paris/Giraudon/ BAL; 181 English Heritage Photo Library; 182 English Heritage Photo Library; 184 English Heritage Photo Library; 185 English Heritage Photo Library; 186 The Metropolitan Museum of Art/Art Resource/Scala, Florence; 188 Carolyn Clarke/Alamy; 190 Private Collection/BAL; 191 National Portrait Gallery, London; 192 akg-Images; 193 National Portrait Gallery, London; 195 Carolyn Clarke/Alamy;196 Corbis;197 National Portrait Gallery, London; 198 Trustees of the British Museum; 200 Unicorn Press Archive; 201 Unicorn Press Archive; 202 Mary Evans Picture Library; 203 Mary Evans Picture Library; 204 Trustees of the British Museum; 205 Private Collection/The Stapleton Collection/BAL; 207 Towneley Hall Art Gallery and Museum, Burnley, Lancashire/BAL; 208 National Portrait Gallery, London; 209 Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images; 210 Jon Arnold/ JAI/Corbis; 211 B. OKane/Alamy; 212 gyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, Berlin/AA/DeA Picture Library; 213 Getty Images; 214 The Illustrated London News /BAL; 215 Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis; 216 Getty Images; 218 Trustees of the British Museum; 224 Private Collection /BAL; 227 Trustees of the British Museum; 229 UIG via Getty Images; 230 Trustees of the British Museum; 231 National Portrait Gallery, London; 233 Trustees of the British Museum; 234 Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford/ BAL; 236 Trustees of the British Museum; 237 Trustees of the British Museum; 238 Trustees of the British Museum; 240 Bettmann/Corbis; 243 Bettmann/ Corbis; 244t akg-images/Ullstein bild; 244b Scala, Florence/BPK, Berlin; 245akg-images/Erich Lessing; 246t Getty Images; 246b Stdtische Kunstsammlungen/akg-images; 247 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna/ BAL; 249 Succession Picasso/DACS, London 2013/Private Collection /BAL; 250 Lobkowicz Palace, Prague Castle/ BAL; 252 Austrian Archives/Corbis; 253b AA/Czartorysky Museum Cracow; 254 Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, Germany; 255 De Agostini/Getty Images; 256 AA/Muse du Louvre Paris/Collection Dagli Orti; 257 Musee dOrsay, Paris/Giraudon/BAL; 258 Muse du Louvre Paris /Giraudon /BAL; 259 US Army Signal Corps; 260l National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD; 260r Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images; 261 akg-images/Interfoto; 262 Muse du Louvre, Dist. RMN-Grand Palais /Angle Dequier; 265 Gabinetto Fotografico su concessione del Ministero per i beni e le Attiva Culturali (Florence); 266 Cincinnati Art Museum, Ohio/ John J. Emery Endowment /BAL; 268 Demetrio Carrasco/JAI/Corbis; 269 akg-images /Ruhrgas AG; 271 Helmuth Kurth/Corbis; 273 Ullstein Bild; 275 Muse du Louvre Paris/Giraudon/BAL; 277 Mary Evans Picture library; 278 Jewish Museum, Berlin; 279 Getty Images; 281 Brian Lawrence/Getty Images; 282 Muse du Louvre Paris/Giraudon /BAL; 283 AA/Museo di Capodimonte Naples/Gianni Dagli Orti; 284 Onze Lieve Vrouwekerk, Bruges/BAL; 286t DOD Photo /Alamy; 286m Getty Images; 286b Bettmann/Corbis; 287t Corbis; 287ml AP/Press Association Images; 287mr Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images; 287b Bundesarchiv Bild(101I-729-0001-23/Meister/CC-BY-SA); 290 Hermitage, St. Petersburg/BAL; 292 Dmitri Baltermants/The Dmitri Baltermants Collection/Corbis; 293 Bettmann/ Corbis; 294l Popperfoto/Getty Images; 294r akg-images/RIA Nowosti; 297 bpk Bayerische Staatsgemldesammlungen; 298 Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna/BAL; 299 Gemaeldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden/ Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden/BAL; 301 Bettmann/Corbis; 302 Mary Evans Picture Library; 304 Sovfoto; 306 State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts; 307 State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts; 308 akg-images; 309 akg-images/Cameraphoto; 310 Morton Beebe/Corbis; 313 Muzeum Narodowe, Gdansk/BAL; 316 akg-images; 318 Hermitage, St. Petersburg/ BAL; 319 Hermitage, St. Petersburg/ BAL; 320 Hermitage, St. Petersburg/ BAL; 322 Scala, Florence/ BPK, Bildagentur fuer Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte, Berlin; 324t National Archives/Getty Images; 324b National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD; 325 National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD; 326 Bettmann/Corbis; 327 AP/Press Association Images; 328 Scala, Florence/ BPK, Bildagentur fuer Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte, Berlin; 329 Bettmann/Corbis; 330 akg-images; 331 Getty Education, USA; 333 Gamma-Keystone via Getty Images; 338 National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD; 342 AA/Granger Collection; 343 DPA/Press Association Images; 344 Horace Abrahams/Getty Images; 345 Bettmann/Corbis; 346 Bettmann/Corbis; 347 Scala, Florence/ BPK, Bildagentur fuer Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte, Berlin; 348 Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images 349t AP/Press Association Images; 349b Getty Images; 350 National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD; 352 Private Collection/Photo Christies Images/BAL; 354 Yves Forestier/ Sygma/Corbis; 355 Bettmann/Corbis; 356 Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford; 357t AP/Press Association Images; 357b Henry Grant Collection/ Museum of London; 358 Private Collection/--Photo Christies Images/ BAL; 359 Musee dOrsay, Paris/ Giraudon/BAL; 360 Buhrle Collection, Zurich/BAL; 361 Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston/BAL; Museus Castro Maya, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Succession H. Matisse/DACS. Image: BAL: 383 The Munch Museum/ The Munch - Ellingsen Group, BONO, Oslo/DACS, London 2013/ Nasjonalgalleriet, Oslo/BAL; 384tl Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, USA/BAL; 384tr Reuters/ Corbis; 384b Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, USA/BAL; 365t Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, USA/BAL; 365b Museus Castro Maya, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Succession H. Matisse/DACS. Image: BAL; 366 Getty Images; 367 Private Collection/ BAL; 368 Hermitage, St. Petersburg/ BAL; 369 SZ Photo/ Stephan Rumpf/ BAL; 371 AA/DeA Picture Library/E. Lessing; 381 Faleh Kheiber/Reuters/ Corbis; 382 Patrick Robert/Corbis; 384 Private Collection, Zurich/BAL