Rock music first emerged in the USA in the mid-1950s as rock n roll, and, spearheaded by million-selling records by the likes of Elvis Presley and Little Richard, its popularity quickly spread throughout the world. It was a musical and cultural explosion the like of which had never been witnessed before.
Initially linked to the emergence of teenagers as a separate consumer group in their own right, from the start rock was identified as music aimed at, and purchased by, the young. Previous popular music, from romantic crooners to swing-driven dance bands, certainly had its youthful audience, but it was music shared with older generations crucially, mum and dad liked it too. Not so with rock, which throughout its history has managed to shock or dumbfound parents, although ironically many of its leading exponents and fans are now parents and grandparents themselves.
And although often being identified as the pop music of the day, over the past 60-plus years rock has gone on to broaden its appeal in a multitude of styles and genres, ranging from the solidly mainstream to the boldly experimental.
The aim of this book is to provide a pocket-size history of rock music, along with a brief guide to its various elements, while also tracing how it has related to social trends and fashions, upon which it has often exerted a significant influence.
How this book works
Beginning with The Roots of Rock, we trace the musics diverse origins, from 1930s blues, gospel and hillbilly music, to the explosive birth of the teenager that shook the world in the early 1950s.
In The Essence of Rock, major genres linked to specific periods in rocks history are outlined, from classic rock n roll through prog rock, heavy metal and punk, to todays indie and alt-rock.
How Rock Works describes the essential elements in the creation of rock music, including the basic instrumentation, the historic part played by vinyl singles and albums, the key role of producers and songwriters, and the live experience of touring bands playing everywhere from small clubs to massive arenas.
Rocks social influence is highlighted in the chapter on Rock Culture, tracing the musics impact on fashion, movies and literature, plus a look at the often-underrated role of women in rock music, and the function of rock as a voice of political dissent and protest.
Since its earliest days, from Buddy Holly and the Beatles, to Britpop and bubblegum records, Rock as Pop had been inextricably linked to the bestseller charts and idol-worshipping world of million-selling singles and fan mania.
Classic Records have been at the heart of rock music. It would be an impossible task to make a definitive list of a hundred, let alone just seven. But here are a selection of some of the very best spanning 60 years, evocative of their time as well as the music they represent.
Rock is truly an international music. In our run-down of cities in the Rockin Around the World chapter, weve not gone for the historically most important Liverpool, Memphis, New York and so on but for a more arbitrary selection based both on past influence and a current cool connectivity.
Throughout the entries, records cited after a particular artist are usually their biggest, or most relevant, hit. Each entry is also accompanied by a 3-Second Lick summing up the topic, and 3-Minute Jam highlighting a particular aspect in more detail. All entries are followed by cross-referencing to related topics elsewhere in the book, and brief 3-Second Biographies of key individuals.
Finally, rock music has always been about its stars. Some of the most important names are featured in special Profile pieces, along with a brief timeline of their lives and careers, rounding off a compact guide to rock music that we hope will both inform and entertain at the same time.
A timeline of rock music
1948
Introduction of the vinyl long-player album
1949
RCA Records launch the 7-inch vinyl single
1951
Jackie Brenstons Rocket 88 released
1953
Marlon Brando stars as motorcycle gang leader in The Wild One. The Crows have first doo-wop chart hit with Gee
1954
Elvis Presleys debut single Thats All Right. Bill Haley scores with his version of Joe Turners rhythm and blues hit Shake, Rattle and Roll
1955
James Dean teen-delinquent movie Rebel Without a Cause released. Rock Around the Clock a huge hit for Bill Haley & His Comets
1956
Elviss Heartbreak Hotel tops charts
1958
First girl group hit, Maybe by the Chantels
1959
Buddy Holly dies in plane crash
1960
The Miracles Shop Around first big hit for Motown record company
1962
Beatles debut single Love Me Do
1963
The Freewheelin Bob Dylan is released
1964
Beatles lead British Invasion of USA
1965
Bob Dylan goes electric at Newport Folk Festival. He releases Bringing It All Back Home
1966
Beach Boys Pet Sounds released. Beatles Revolver released
1967
Velvet Underground & Nico released. Beatles release Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band. Monterey Pop Festival sets template for rock festivals to come
1968
Commercial debut of the Moog Synthesizer
1969
Woodstock Festival. Led Zeppelin debut album launches heavy rock. Rolling Stones guitarist Brian Jones dies
1970
Jimi Hendrix dies at 28. Beatles officially disband. Janis Joplin dies at 27. Jazz-rock chart breakthrough with Miles Daviss