Stephen Skelton - The wines of Great Britain

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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Brock, Raymond Barrington, Some Aspects of Viticulture in Southern England, Oxted, Surrey: The Viticultural Research Station, 1951. Ph.D thesis.

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VITICULTURE IN THE BRITISH ISLES, PRE-ROMAN TO 1939

PRE-ROMAN BRITAIN

Whether or not vines were grown, grapes harvested and wine made in Britain before the arrival of the Romans is open to debate and as there are no reliable records pointing one way or the other, it is anyones guess. The Belgae, who had established themselves in the east and south of Britain prior to the Roman invasion, did have a liking for wine, and amphorae dating from before the Roman conquest have been discovered on sites in southern England.

ROMAN VITICULTURE FACT OR FICTION?

Most books with anything to say about the origins of British viticulture state with absolute certainty that the Romans introduced the vine to the island and then usually go on to give the impression that swathes of vines covered most of the slopes of southern England. Fields that look like they have been terraced by human hand which in all probability have naturally evolved or have been created by nothing more than hundreds of years of sheep tramping up and down on them are especially prone to be said to have been a Roman vineyard when absolutely no evidence for one exists.

Dr Tim Unwin, in his scholarly book Wine and the Vine, An Historical Geography of Viticulture and the Wine Trade, writes that: the northern limit of viticulture in the Roman era is widely considered to have been just north of Paris, and that much of the evidence adduced in support of the cultivation of vines in Roman Britain has been shown to be of dubious validity. Hyams conjectures that: vines were introduced by the Romans more by way of an ornamental re-creation of the Mediterranean atmosphere, than for the grapes they yielded. The Roman historian Tacitus, writing at the end of the first century AD in Vita Agricolae, declared that the British climate was objectionable and not at all suitable for growing vines or olives. This could suggest that someone had at least tried to establish vines, even if they had been unsuccessful. Archaeological digs of Roman sites in Britain have also failed to uncover any implements specific to viticulture such as the double-sided vine billhook the