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Text originally published in 1945 under the same title.
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Publishers Note
Although in most cases we have retained the Authors original spelling and grammar to authentically reproduce the work of the Author and the original intent of such material, some additional notes and clarifications have been added for the modern readers benefit.
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DAN SICKLES
HERO OF GETTYSBURG AND YANKEE KING OF SPAIN
BY
EDGCUMB PINCHON
CHAPTER IInstead of a Foreword
WHEN HE FIRST OPENED HIS EYES in a modest New York home October 20, 1819, the skyscape beyond the Battery was fretted with the spars of hundreds of tall sailing ships. President Monroe was in the White House, Queen Victoria-to-be still in the nursery....
When, May 3, 1914, those eyeskeen, gray, recalcitrantclosed for the last time, a stupendous one-hundred-year cycle almost had run its course. Woodrow Wilson was busying himself with the New Freedom at home, the Familyhood of Nations abroad. George V and Wilhelm Hohenzollern were exchanging cousinly notes. British dreadnaughts nosed unobtrusively toward Scapa Flow. German cruisers clotted at Kiel....
Ninety-four years of Americas turgid adolescence! And some fifty of them spent in the thick of national affairs....
Down the roaring decades that blent a score of polyglot peoples to a new breed, thrust Mexico across the Rio Grande and Colorado, Canada beyond the Columbia, the West out to mid-Pacific, his was a stormy, dramatic figure in Congress, on the battlefield, at the courts of Madrid and St. Jamess, in the palacios nacionales of Colombia, Panama, Peru....
And yet, on the crowded shelf of American biography, his niche stands vacant.
The fact is curious, and needs some explanation.
While, in odd paragraphs scattered through hundreds of old volumes and newspaper files, his official record stands fairly complete, these sources give almost no glimpse of the man himself. And, in this instance, the personal archivesletters, diaries, the intimate memorabiliaso essential to the biographers task, were almost entirely lacking. Some of this material had been lost; part of it had been left in forgotten caches here and abroad; the great bulk of it had been stolenand, for a long time, was thought destroyed. Also, unfortunately, there could be small recourse to personal recollections. He outlived all the friends of his prime. His family, for the last thirty-five years of his life, had held no contact with him.
But, during the past two years, elaborate and persistent research has succeeded in retrieving a great many missing documents. Some of the most important of theserecaptured amid wartime complications in France and Spain, dispatched by boat and impounded by the British at Bermudawere dictated from memory pending their release.
And so, at last, amid delays and difficultiesthe present portrait: an attempt to paint the man himself in something of his complex human actuality, in something of the crimson and the black, the dun and the gold of his dauntless, brilliant, beclouded career.
Ambition drove him, patriotism inspired him, a tremendous vitality supported him; courage, eloquence, intellectual vigor, executive capacity lent their aid; ill chance thwarted him; undisciplined passions betrayed him; self-assurance, decisiveness, impetuosity gave a dramatic flair to his actions. But, first and last, the central fact of him abides in something profoundly characteristic of his era and his breedhis deep-rooted indomitability....
Success, tragedy, crime, battle and mutilation, obloquy, neglecthe knew them all. But nothing could defeat himnot even himself!
A study in the contradictions of human personality, the dissonant tonalities of fate! With a genius for friendship, few men made more bitter enemies. His amours, fleeting as fierce, were innumerable, and recallat other levelsthe erotic record of a Liszt, a Goethe, a Pancho Villa. But he failed to create a single lasting, or significant, relationship.
A brilliant pleader at the bar, a politician and acknowledged leader of Tammany in his twenties, a diplomat in the early thirties, lover of the arts and conversant with the major languages of Europe, his education was heterodox, broken, self-chosen.
Notorious as he was for his affairs with women, he yet, in a mad moment, shot to death the son of Francis Scott Key who had engaged the affections of his young wife; and, in the most sensational trial in the history of American jurisprudence, was pronounced not guilty. But immediately thereafter, to the astonished scandal of all Washington society, he reinstated his beloved Terry in her former position; and in a challenging letter to the pressI am not aware of any code of morals which makes it infamous to forgivedefended his action against the gossips.
At the outbreak of the Civil War he raised and equipped the Excelsior Brigade; and, with no more than an amateurs knowledge of military matters, rapidly rose to the rank of major general, came close to salvagingand but for the gross neglect of his pleas for ammunition almost certainly would have salvagedthe disgraceful Union defeat at Chancellorsville; and, at Gettysburg, left to his own devices and boldly advancing his troops to a dangerous salient, won fame and blame, and lost a leg.