Butch Wayne Bethard (pronounced Betherd hes anerd, not anard, not a little Bathard or a little Bothered, either) is a pharmacist by trade, an author by design. He is by definition the truest of drugstore cowboys. He really is. Hes a purebred, naturally inseminated, pedigreed, registered druggist, a hospital pharmacist, if you will. He graduated from the University of Texas way back when the diplomas simply said The University of Texas, not at Austin, or Tyler, or College Station.
Wayne is also a member of the Western Writers of America, the DFW Writers Workshop, and a past member of the Texas Outdoor Writers Association. For three years he served as contributing editor for The Texas Outdoors Journal and authored his own monthly section titled At Full Draw.
Wayne resides, practices, and writes out of his home in Longview, Texas, which he shares with his wife (going on forty years now), Wanda, a second-grade schoolteacher he still introduces as his first wife.
B ETWEEN EVERY GOLDEN EGG, there is bound to be a little mass and gas. I would like to thank everyone who assisted me with this little egg, especially the DFW Writers Workshop, who helped me clean up my masses. A special thanks goes to Erin McKindley and her wonderful copy-editing staff, who waved their laced editing fans to whisk away the many pungent blunders that had escaped me. I also thank my wife for putting up with me during all this; my professors and the helpful staff at the University of Texas College of Pharmacy; John Lovett, assistant curator of the University of Oklahoma Western History Collection; Russell Stocks and Julie Henderson for their help with bezoars; Art Weaver for his mineral wells pictures; the Hughes Springs Chamber of Commerce; Susan Black, my research librarian at the Longview Public Library; and all the professors, physicians, and pharmacists who went out of their way to lend a hand.
This author has attempted to assemble a suitable information base on medicines used in Americas frontier times. Mistakenness, errors, or blunders are always possible even in reputable reference materials. Neither the author nor the publisher assumes responsibility for inaccuracies or patient care associated with the applications of information contained in this presentation. People not of the health profession should seek appropriate professional supervision on the utilization of any medicine before using it. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or stored electronically or mechanically, including photocopying, scanning, or by any informational retrieval/storage system without written permission of the author and publisher.
1747 | Ben Franklin invents the positive flow theory of electricity. He also discovers that this one fluid flow can act at a distance. |
1749 | Abb Jean-Antoine Nollet invents the two-fluid theory of electricity. |
1762 | John Montague invents the sandwich so he wouldnt have to get up from a gambling table to eat. |
1765 | The nations first medical school established at the University of Pennsylvania. |
1793 | Alessandro Volta makes the first batteries. |
1796 | Samuel Lee Jr. applies for the first patent on a proprietary pill taken orally. |
1800 | William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discover that water may be separated into hydrogen and oxygen. |
1802 | First boric acid produced. |
1803 | Lewis and Clark begin expedition. |
1806 | Poet Elizabeth Barrett Browning born. Lewis and Clark begin return trip east. |
1807 | Henry Wadsworth Longfellow born. |
1809 | Edgar Allan Poe born. |
1811 | Harriet Beecher Stowe born; William Thackery born. |
1812 | Poet Robert Browning born; first recorded use of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. |
1813 | U.S. Navy motto, Dont give up the ship, uttered by mortally wounded commander James Lawrence of the U.S. frigate, the Chesapeake. |
1816 | David Brewster invents the kaleidoscope. |
1817 | Friedrich William Adam Serturner discovers the active ingredient, Morphium (morphine), in opium. |
1820 | Founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale, born. |
1821 | Faraday synthesizes tetrachloroethylene. Clara Barton, first president of the American Red Cross, born. |
1822 | Charles M. Graham patents false teeth. |
1825 | First appearance of homeopathy. |
1827 | First photographs produced on metal plate. |
1828 | Noah Webster publishes first dictionary |
1830 | Paraffin discovered. |
1831 | Dr. Samuel Guthrie discovers chloroform. |
1832 | Hodgkins disease, disorder of the lymph glands, first described. |
1833 | Thomas Davenport invents electric motor. |
1834 | Phenol (carbolic acid) discovered. |
1835 | Pepsin, the powerful ferment in gastric juice, recognized. |
1837 | Electric telegraph invented. First African American, James McCune Smith, earns medical degree from the University of Glasgow. Smallpox epidemic kills fifteen thousand Indians along Missouri River. |
1838 | Samuel Morse first demonstrates telegraph. |
1839 | First flexible stethoscope invented. First electric clock built. First bicycle constructed. |
1841 | First president to die in office, William Henry Harrison, dies of pneumonia one month after being sworn in. Oliver Wendell Holmes born. |
1842 | Ether first used as anesthetic by Dr. Crawford Williamson Long in Jefferson, Georgia. |
1843 | Yellow fever kills thirteen thousand in Mississippi Valley. |
1844 | Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) first demonstrated. |
1845 | Quinine isolated from plants. |
1846 | William T. Morton, D.D.S., performs jaw surgery using ether as anesthetic. |
1847 | First woman, Elizabeth Blackwell, accepted to a U.S. medical school. American Medical Association founded. |
1849 | Edgar Allan Poe dies. |
1850 | Nathaniel Hawthorne publishes The Scarlet Letter. |
1852 | Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes Uncle Toms Cabin. |
1853 | Hypodermic needle first used for injections. |
1855 | Binaural (using two ears) stethoscope invented. |
1856 | George Bernard Shaw born. |
1857 | Louis Pasteur develops germ theory of disease and proves fermentation caused by living organisms. |
1859 | The silver deposit the Comstock Lode in Six Mile Canyon, Nevada, first laid claim to by a prospector. |
1860 | The Marey sphygmograph invented (first clinically useful instrument to measure a patients pulse). First dime novel, Malaeska: The Indian Wife of the White Hunter, published. |
1862 | Slavery outlawed in all U.S. Territories. |
1863 | First commercial internal reed duck call marketed by Fred Allen of Monmouth, Illinois. |