Lt.-Col. Theodore Ayrault Dodge - Napoleon: A History Of The Art Of War From The Beginning Of The French Revolution To The End Of The Eighteenth Century Vol. IV

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Text originally published in 1909 under the same title.

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Publishers Note

Although in most cases we have retained the Authors original spelling and grammar to authentically reproduce the work of the Author and the original intent of such material, some additional notes and clarifications have been added for the modern readers benefit.

We have also made every effort to include all maps and illustrations of the original edition the limitations of formatting do not allow of including larger maps, we will upload as many of these maps as possible.

GREAT CAPTAINSNAPOLEON

A HISTORY OF THE ART OF WAR, FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION TO THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, WITH A DETAILED ACCOUNT OF THE WARS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

WITH MANY CHARTS, MAPS, PLANS OF BATTLES AND TACTICAL MANOEUVRES, PORTRAITS, CUTS OF UNIFORMS, ARMS, AND WEAPONS

BY

THEODORE AYRAULT DODGE

BREVET LIEUTENANT-COLONEL UNITED STATES ARMY, RETIRED LIST; AUTHOR OF THE CAMPAIGN OF CHANCELLORSVILLE, A BIRDS-EYE VIEW OF OUR CIVIL WAR, PATROCLUS AND PENELOPE. A CHAT IN THE SADDLE, GREAT CAPTAINS, ALEXANDER, HANNIBAL, CSAR, ETC., ETC.

IN FOUR VOLUMES

VOLUME IV

Contents

REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER

DEDICATED

To

THE AMERICAN SOLDIER

WHO, NOT BRED TO ARMS, BUT NURTURED BY INDEPENDENCE, HAS ACHIEVED THE PROUDEST RANK AMONG THE VETERANS OF HISTORY

THESE VOLUMES

ARE DEDICATED

NAPOLEON, EMPEROR Frontispiece (From an engraving by Lefevre, after the painting in 1815 by Muneret.)

French Dragoon

Confederation Foot

Warsaw Foot.

Eugene.

Map of 1813 Campaign

Prussian Landwehr

Prussian Musketeer

Prussian Landwehr Cavalry

Woronzov.

Bessires

Ltzen Country

Russian Cossacks

Battle of Ltzen

Prussian Grenadiers

Prussian Musketeer

Prussian Pioneer

Prussian Hussar

Dresden-Bautzen Country

Battle of Bautzen, May 20

Prussian Staff Officer

Battle of Bautzen, May 21

Imperial Body-Guard

Prussian Musketeer

Russian Infantrymen

Duroc

Prussian Volunteer Lancer

Davout

Metternich

French Mounted Grenadier

Swiss Grenadier

Prussian Pioneer

Prussian Volunteer Rifleman

Prussian Hussar

Schwartzenberg

French Hussar Officer

Westphalian Grenadier

Hanseatic Footman

Battle of Gross Beeren

Macdonald

Battle of the Katzbach

Prussian Body-Guard

Sword of the Period

Gouvion St. Cyr

Grenadier, Imperial Guard

Battle of Dresden, August 26

Russian Grenadier

Wurzburg Rifleman

Battle of Dresden, August 27

Frederick William III

Napoleon after Bellange

Saxe-Coburg Rifleman

Empress Dragoon

Prussian Reservist

Dresden-Kulm Country

Kulm Country

Kettledrummer of Chasseurs

Dennewitz Country

Battle of Dennewitz

Bavarian Grenadier

Prussian Grenadier

Saxon Drum Major

Prussian Dragoon

French Lancer

Prussian Lancer

Bavarian Artilleryman

French Staff Officer

Hanseatic Infantryman

Brunswick Rifleman

Saxon Hussar Officer

Silesian Hussar

Dresden-Leipzig-Magdeburg Country

Pomeranian Dragoon

Hanoverian Infantryman

Swiss Guard

Battle of Leipzig, October 16

Lobau

Battle of Leipzig, October 18

Saxon Sharpshooter

Saxon Musketeer

Battle of Leipzig, October 19

Poniatowski

Leipzig to the Rhine

Battle of Hanau

Bavarian Artilleryman

Prince Eugene

Salamanca to Toulouse

Pampeluna Manoeuvre

San Sebastian

Battle of Sauroren

DErlon.

Crossing the Bidassoa

Sword of the Period

European Theatre of War in 1814

French Theatre of War in 1814

Austrian Hussar

French Fusiliers

Russian Grenadiers

Theatre of Napoleons Manoeuvres in 1814

Russian Hussar

Grard

Coat worn by Napoleon

Marne-Seine-Aube Country

Prussian Mounted Artilleryman

Battle of La Rothire

Officers of Cossacks

Prussian Rifle Officer

Battle of Montmirail

Montmirail-Etoges Country

Prussian Hussar

Trumpeter of Imperial Guard Chair of Imperial Throne. (Garde Meuble)

Battle of Montereau

French Grenadier

Westphalian Mounted Artilleryman

Rheims-Laon-Soissons Country

Battle of Craonne

Battle of Laon

Prussian Train Officer

French Grenadier

Austrian Infantryman

Battle of Arcis-Sur-Aube, March 20

Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube, March 21

Westphalian Cuirassier Officer

Austrian Cavalry Officer

Moncey

Battle at Paris Gates Bavarian Cannoneer

Operations around Bayonne

Battle of Orthez

English Foot Guard

Spanish Fusilier

The March on Toulouse

English Dragoon Officer

Spanish Sapper

Battle of Toulouse

Spanish Grenadier Officer

English Line Officer

Silver Washstand, St. Helena

Grenadier of Elba

Paris-Brussels-Cologne Country

Sambre-Scheldt Country

Napoleons Engraving Rack

Blcher

Battle of Ligny

Wellington

Battle of Quatre Bras

Napoleons Library Chair. (Garde Meuble.)

Sambre-Brussels Country

Waterloo. (Sibornes Sketch.) .

Waterloo. Position at Opening

Waterloo. No. 1

Charts of French Troops Ready to Charge. (From Maximes de 1815.)

Sword of the Period

Battle of Waterloo. No. 2

Officer of Kings Own

English Dragoon

Mounted Rocket Corps

Battle of Waterloo. No. 3

English Dragoon

Kings Dragoon

Battle of Waterloo. No. 4

Wellington

Napoleons Desk Chair. (Prince Victors Collection.)

Rustan

Bed on which Napoleon died. (Prince Murats Collection.)

Meissoniers French Eagle

THE Russian campaign was the beginning of the end, bat Napoleon rose to the situation. Europe scarcely knew the extent of the disaster, and France sustained him. Troops and war material were rapidly collected. He still held Italy, Holland and part of Germany, and Spain was not lost; but England was stirring, Prussia burned to regain her rights, the Confederation was lukewarm, Russia still pushed the war with France, and Austria was arming as mediator. The Russian army, joined by the Prussian, gradually forced the French back from the Oder to the Elbe, and later to the Saale. Eugene, commanding the wrecked Grand Army, was unequal to the situation; but Napoleon was planning soon to cross the Elbe offensively, and French garrisons still held many Vistula and Oder fortresses. By mid-April a new army near Erfurt was reaching out towards Eugene. Napoleon was nearer ready than the allies except in cavalry; but they had crossed the Elbe and were advancing on the Saale, with much less dread of him. The French were largely fresh levies with few experienced officers, but Napoleon had plenty of artillery, and introduced simple manuvres by which the foot could hold itself against cavalry. On April 28 the two French armies joined on the Saale and moved on Leipzig; though much inferior, the allies determined to do battle on Leipzig plain, crossed the Elster, and on May 11 advanced so as to strike Napoleon`s right on the march. Wanting cavalry to reconnoitre, Napoleon was surprised by the enemy about noon; but he at once gave orders to meet the danger, and himself led the troops. Ney held himself in a group of villages near Ltzen, as a central nucleus, and the onslaught of the enemy was slow. The rearward corps came up and strengthened the French right; Napoleon brought up the French left with effect, and by nightfall the allies were driven back across the Elster, whence they retired behind the Elbe at Dresden.