Peter Pugh - Headline Britons 1926-1930

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

E very publishing season sees the launch of books on famous characters of the twentieth century and many high achievers have more than one book about them. For example, the number of books on Winston Churchill is in the twenties or thirties and recently there was another book on Clement Attlee.

This new series Icon is launching will cover the last 100 years of British history in five-year splits the first two are 192125 and 192630 and, as well as giving the background, both social and economic, of those years, will concentrate on the interesting and often misunderstood characters that featured in them.

One of the main characters in this second book, 192630, is Radclyffe Hall, the lesbian author who wrote books about homosexuality at a time when it was still frowned upon and indeed was illegal. Also featured is the famous inventor of television, John Logie Baird. Then there is the founder of the first mass-market motor car, William Morris, later Lord Nuffield, as well as the modernist writer Virginia Woolf. Staying with the world of the arts, we shall also discuss the playwright, novelist and short story writer Somerset Maugham, as well as the famous wit, playwright, composer and actor Nol Coward. In addition, Ramsay MacDonald, the first Labour prime minister, was a prominent figure during these years.

MONETARY VALUES

M oney and its value is always a problem when writing about a period that stretches over a number of years. Furthermore, establishing a yardstick for measuring the change in the value of money is not easy either. Do we take the external value of the or what it will buy in the average (whatever that may be) weekly shopping basket? Do we relate it to the average manual wage? As we know, while prices in general might rise, and have done so in this country every year since the Second World War, the prices of certain products might fall. However, we have to make some judgements. We can only generalise, and I think the best yardstick is probably the average working wage.

Taking this as the yardstick, here is a measure of the sterling relative to the in 2017.

Apart from wartime, prices were stable for 250 years, but prices began to rise in the run-up to the First World War.

16651900 multiply by 120

19001914 multiply by 110

191839 multiply by 60

194550 multiply by 35

195060 multiply by 30

196070 multiply by 25

197074 multiply by 20

197577 multiply by 15

197880 multiply by 8

198087 multiply by 5

198791 multiply by 2.5

199197 multiply by 2

19972010 multiply by 1.5

Since 2010, the rate of inflation, by the standards of most of the twentieth century, has been very low, averaging, until very recently, less than the 19972010 Labour governments originally stated aim of 2.5 per cent (since reduced to 2 per cent). You dont need me to tell you that some things such as telephone charges and many items made in the Far East, notably China, can go down in price while others, such as houses, have moved up very sharply from 1997 to 2017.

TIMELINE FOR 192630

- 1926 -

April	The Duchess of York gives birth to a daughter, Princess Elizabeth
May	A General Strike in support of mine workers is declared. It is the first such strike in British history. It collapses nine days later. Only the miners continue the fight Rudolph Valentino dies suddenly of peritonitis
August	England wins the Ashes for the first time in fourteen years, beating Australia by 289 runs in the fifth Test
November	An Imperial conference announces that Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Newfoundland are to have dominion status. They will be self-governing, and will have equal standing with Britain within the Commonwealth

Books

Seven Pillars of Wisdom by T.E. Lawrence

Winnie-the-Pooh by A.A. Milne

Films

Ben Hur starring Ramon Novarro (released December 1925 but became popular in 1926)

Don Juan starring John Barrymore

The General starring Buster Keaton

- 1927 -

January	It becomes possible to telephone New York from London at a cost of 15 (900 in todays money) for three minutes
May	Charles Lindbergh arrives in Paris after taking 33 hours to fly solo from New York
November	In the first London-to-Brighton car rally John Bryces car is registered as competitor Number 1 Joseph Stalin expels Leon Trotsky and other opponents from the Soviet Communist party

Books

Tarka the Otter by Henry Williamson

To the Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf

Films

The Jazz Singer

The Kid Brother starring Harold Lloyd

Flesh and the Devil starring Greta Garbo

- 1928 -

March	The voting age for women is lowered to 21. Now women have the same voting rights as men
May	The Bank of England plans to issue 1 and 10s notes, in addition to the 5 banknotes and larger denominations which are already in circulation
September	Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin
October	The Soviet Unions first five-year plan begins. From now on, all factories and farms work to fulfil norms of production handed down by the state
November	Hirohito is crowned Emperor of Japan

Books

Lady Chatterleys Lover by D.H. Lawrence

Orlando by Virginia Woolf

Films

Steamboat Willie, the first Mickey Mouse cartoon

Two Tars starring Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy

- 1929 -

March	A record 66 runners compete in the Grand National at Aintree
June	A Labour government comes to power under Ramsay MacDonald Margaret Bondfield, minister of labour, is the first female Cabinet member
October	The New York Stock Exchange crashes

Books

Goodbye to All That by Robert Graves

A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway

Films

Big Business starring Laurel and Hardy

Bulldog Drummond

- 1930 -

March	Gandhi tells British Viceroy of India to expect civil disobedience
July	Donald Bradman scores record 309 runs in a day
September	National Socialists win 107 seats in German Parliament

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