Benjamin Davis Wilson - The Indians of southern California in 1852: the B.D. Wilson report and a selection of contemporary comment
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The Indians of southern California in 1852: the B.D. Wilson report and a selection of contemporary comment
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Benjamin Davis Wilson was one of the first American settlers in Southern California. He became a prosperous rancher and the mayor of little Los Angeles. A special friend of the Indians of Southern California, Wilson was appointed their subagent in 1852, when the Indians were on the edge of catastrophe, their population reduced by two-thirds within a generation. Wilsons great contribution, the one he wished to be remembered for, was to appraise the problems of these Indians and urge their settlement on land set aside for them. His report (published in the Los Angeles Star in 1868) was instrumental in creating the reservation system. The Indians of Southern California in 1852 was inspired by Wilsons desire to secure peace and justice to the Indians. He recognized his duty to guard against Indian raids on the ranchos and settlements while establishing policies that ensured the future welfare of Indians suffering from the breakdown of the old mission program. Besides the influential Wilson report, this volume contains vivid descriptions of life in the so-called Cow Counties of Southern California at mid-nineteenth century. Also included are excerpts from contemporary newspapers.
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The Indians of Southern California in 1852 : The B.D. Wilson Report and a Selection of Contemporary Comment
author
:
Wilson, Benjamin Davis.; Caughey, John Walton
publisher
:
University of Nebraska Press
isbn10 | asin
:
0803297769
print isbn13
:
9780803297760
ebook isbn13
:
9780585315836
language
:
English
subject
Indians of North America--California, Indians of North America--Government relations--1789-1869, Indian reservations--California.
publication date
:
1995
lcc
:
E78.C15W55 1995eb
ddc
:
323.1/1970794/09034
subject
:
Indians of North America--California, Indians of North America--Government relations--1789-1869, Indian reservations--California.
Page iii
The Indians of Southern California in 1852
The B. D. Wilson Report and a Selection of Contemporary Comment
Edited by John Walton Caughey
Introduction to the Bison Books Edition by Albert L. Hurtado
Page iv
Introduction to the Bison Books edition 1995 by the University of Nebraska Press All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America
The paper in this book meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.
First Bison Books printing: 1995 Most recent printing indicated by the last digit below: 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Wilson, Benjamin Davis, 18111878. The Indians of southern California in 1852: the B. D. Wilson report and a selection of contemporary comment / edited by John Walton Caughey; introduction to the Bison Books ed. by Albert L. Hurtado. Bison Books ed. p. cm. Originally published: San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1952. The report, prepared in 1852, was originally published serially in the Los Angeles star, July 18-Sept. 19, 1868, Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8032-9776-9 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Indians of North AmericaCalifornia. 2. Indians of North AmericaGovernment relations17891869. 3. Indian reserva tionsCalifornia. I. Caughey, John Walton, 1902- . II. Title. E78.C15W55 1996 323.1'970794'09034dc20 95-23292 CIP
Reprinted from the original 1952 edition by the Henry E. Hunting ton Library and Art Gallery, San Marino, California.
Grateful acknowledgment is made to Ella Jane Bailey of the Univer sity Library at the University of Nebraska at Omaha for providing a copy of the original for reproduction.
Page v
TO LO
Page vii
Contents
Introduction to the Bison Books Edition
ix
Introduction
Federal Appointee
xvii
The Locale
xx
Indian Backgrounds
xxvi
State and Federal Policy
xxx
The Report and its Reception
xxxiv
The First Reservation
xxxix
Exhuming the Report
xli
The Report
1
Contemporary Comment
71
Bibliography
153
Page ix
Introduction to the Bison Books Edition
Albert L. Hurtado
John Walton Caughey edited B. D. Wilson's report on southern California Indians under the most difficult conditions of his professional career. In August of 1950 the Board of Regents had fired him from the UCLA faculty because he refused to sign an oath declaring that he was not a member of the Communist Party. Caughey was not a communist, but he was a staunch civil libertarian who argued that since it was then legal to belong to the Communist Party, the Board of Regents was imposing an unconstitutional political test on university employees. More broadly, Caughey and other faculty believed that the loyalty oath was a threat to academic freedom. Consequently, he and thirty others refused to sign the oath and the regents summarily dismissed them.1
In the age of McCarthyism, Caughey paid a high price for his principles. Every major newspaper in California, except the San Francisco Chronicle, characterized Caughey and his colleagues as communist dupes and worse. Representatives of the far right were even less complimentary. Bereft of his university salary, Caughey and his family lived first on contributions from those who sympathized with his cause, then on the research stipends from Rockefeller Foundation and American Council of Learned Societies grants. After the grants ran out, Caughey had no income.2
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