OECD - Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean 2020
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OECD (2020), Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 , OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/13130fbb-en .
The information in this document with reference to Cyprus relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no single authority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Turkey recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Turkey shall preserve its position concerning the Cyprus issue.
The Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Turkey. The information in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
This third edition of Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean , a joint project of the OECD and the IDB, addresses the growing demand for quantitative and qualitative evidence on the workings of governments in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region.
The publication covers key aspects of public governance, allowing policy makers and citizens to analyse the performance of LAC governments and benchmark them against a broad range of other countries. This edition contains indicators on the entire production process of government, from inputs to processes to outcomes; and covers public finance and employment, budgeting practices and procedures, human resources management, regulatory governance, open government data, public procurement public integrity and core government results.
Government at a Glance Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 was prepared by the OECD Directorate for Public Governance, under the leadership of Marcos Bonturi, Director and by the IDB Institutions for Development Department, under the leadership of Moises J. Schwartz, Manager. The work was led by Zsuzsanna Lonti (OECD), Carlos Pimenta (IDB) and Santiago Gonzlez (OECD) under the direction of Monica Brezzi (OECD), Emilio Pineda (IDB) and Lea Gimnez (IDB). The Publication was drafted by Barbara Baredes (OECD), Maria Veronica Cetrola (IDB), Santiago Gonzlez (OECD) and Alessandro Lupi (OECD). Major drafting contributions were received from, Frederic Boehm (OECD), Monica Brezzi (OECD), Adam Ostry (OECD), Barbara Ubaldi (OECD), Edwin Lau (OECD) and Roberto de Michele (IDB) ( Core Government Results). We also thank Andrea Uhrhammer (OECD) and Roxana Glavanov (OECD) for editorial support as well as Jennifer Allain for their help in preparing the document for publication. We thank Julio Bacio Terracino (OECD), Sebastian Nieto Parra (OECD Development Center) and Jos Antonio Ardavin (OECD) for their comments. Translation in Spanish was made possible thanks to Evelyn Cermeno Vargas (IDB). Zoltan Mikolas was in charge of preparing the contextual annex. The cover is an original drawing from Jeffrey Fisher.
This publication is the result of contributions from a wide range of sources and expertise. This work is financed with resources from a technical support by the IDB. It greatly benefitted from inputs provided by the IDB/OAS/CRDI network of e-Government in Latin America and the Caribbean (Red GEALC), The Inter American Network on Government Procurement, the OECD-LAC Network on Good Regulatory Practices and the OECD/IDB Network of Senior Budget Officials for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC SBO). The authors express their gratitude to country officials from Latin America and the Caribbean who replied to the surveys and helped during the data cleaning and validation process. Furthermore, we thank the IDB country representatives and country staff, who assisted whenever a question arose, and facilitated channels of communication with government authorities.
Following strong economic growth in the 2000s, many countries in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region have experienced a slowdown in recent years. Economic growth has taken a hit from declining commodity prices, low productivity and persistently high inequality affecting both incomes and opportunities. A wave of corruption scandals has further undermined trust in government and in the private sector. The threat of popular disenchantment and diminishing trust in public institutions is now more real than ever. As of 2018, only 34 percent of the population in the LAC region reported trusting their government, a level four percent lower than in 2007.
This publication analyses the workings of governments in the LAC region and the public governance challenges they face. Strengthening institutional quality is a necessary condition to increase trust in government and curtail citizens discontent. Apart from being technically sound, public governance reforms require deep understanding of both the political economy and citizens expectations. Indeed, the incomplete implementation of past reforms, combined with an ineffective management of their political economy, remains an important challenge for some countries in the region. To address this gap, it is essential to rebuild capacity and overcome the resistance of powerful interests, which still have high stakes in the preservation of the status quo, including those who benefit from opacity and low accountability.
This third edition of Government at a Glance: Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 includes the most comprehensive set of indicators for the LAC region on public governance, covering finances and employment, different government processes, as well as core government results. Indicators related to ensuring public sector integrity and social accountability in decision-making have also been included for the first time. In this respect, the data presented allows readers to gauge both the design of public governance reforms, and their effective and fair implementation through sound management.
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