In Volume 2 of her biography of Eleanor Roosevelt, Blanche Wiesen Cook continues her diligent pentimento, getting at the tender, sprightly creature behind the starchy, strident image, chronicling how the timid housewife and mother of five shed her chrysalis and turned into the New Deals relentless Eleanor Everywhere.
In this admiring biography Cook shows how Mrs. R. embarked on an unprecedented role for a First Lady, and how, although legally powerless, she became a political authority and a widely beloved figure.
Excitement fuels these pages, especially since Cook never simplifies the trials and triumphs that shaped [Eleanor Roosevelts] progressive vision.
Cook pulls no punches when it comes to examining her heroines political or personal shortcomings, but she also delights in showing us the excellence of her character and the scope of her achievements.
The most vicious of Eleanor Roosevelts many critics and her scores of admirers could have agreed on one thing: She changed America.
Cook details the remarkable energy and dedication Eleanor Roosevelt brought to fighting for her ideals A masterful assemblage of facts and insights that illuminate a great womans life.
A hardworking, passionate woman, Eleanor Roosevelt is fascinatingbut its Cooks elegant, richly detailed treatment of her that will keep you reading.
Cooks portrait of a woman in the thick of things during the hardest of hard times likely will stand as definitive.
Historian and journalist, Blanche Wiesen Cook is Distinguised Professor of History at John Jay College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York. Senior editor of the Garland Library of War and Peace, author of Crystal Eastman on Women and Revolution, The Declassified Eisenhower, and the bestselling Eleanor Roosevelt, Volume I: 18841933, winner of the Los Angeles Times Book Prize. She is former vice-president of research for the American Historical Associaton.
BLANCHE WIESEN COOK
Eleanor
Roosevelt
The Defining Years
VOLUME TWO
19331938
PENGUIN BOOKS
PENGUIN BOOKS
Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, U.S.A.
Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.)
Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England
Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd)
Penguin Group (Australia), 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell,
Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd)
Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi 110 017, India
Penguin Group (NZ), cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads,
Albany, Auckland 1310, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd)
Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue,
Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa
Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices; 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England
First published in the United States of America by Viking Penguin,
a member of Penguin Putnam Inc. 1999
Published in Penguin Books 2000
Copyright Blanche Wiesen Cook, 1999
All rights reserved
PHOTOGRAPH CREDITS
In first photo section, pages 1 (top), 2 (top), 8 (top), 9 (below), 16 (below): Corbis/Bettmann; 7 (top), 12 (top): AP/World Wide Photos; 12 (center): West Virginia & Regional History Collection, West Virginia University Libraries; 12 (below): Arthurdale Heritage.
In second photo section, pages 3 (top and below), 4 (top and below), 5 (top), 7 (top), 8 (top), 9 (top), 11 (top), 12 (top and below), 15 (top and below): Corbis/Bettmann; 5 (below), 6 (top), 8 (below), 14 (below): AP/World Wide Photos; 11 (below): Bachrach; 13: the Estate of Margaret Bourke-White.
All other photographs courtesy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library.
THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS HAS CATALOGED THE HARDCOVER EDITION AS FOLLOWS:
Cook, Blanche Wiesen.
Eleanor Roosevelt, Volume Two 19331938/Blanche Wiesen Cook.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
EISBN: 9781101567456
1. Roosevelt, Eleanor, 18841962. 2. PresidentsUnited StatesWives
Biography. I. Title.
E807.1.R48C66 1992
973.917092dc20
[B] 8740632
Printed in the United States of America
Set in Minion
Designed by Francesca Belanger
Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publishers prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
TO MY MOTHER, SADONIA ECKER WIESEN
a constant inspiration
Someone sent me a most amusing present of a goldfish bowl. I doubt if anyone living in the White House needs such a reminder So, if I may offer a thought in consolation to others who for a time have to live in a goldfish bowl, it is: Dont worry because people know all that you do, for the really important things about anyone are what they are and what they think and feel, and the more you live in a goldfish bowl the less people really know about you!
(My Day, 7 January 1936)
If you care for your own children, you must take an interest in all, for your children must go on living in the world made by all children.
ER to the Southern Womens Democratic Union, New York; in the New York Times, 26 February 1933
Peace time can be as exhilarating to the daredevil as wartime. There is nothing so exciting as creating a new social order.
ER in the New York Times, 29 December 1933
I think we had better begin to decide whether we wish to preserve our civilization or whether we think it of so little use that we might as well let it go. That is what war amounts to.
ER, Ways of Peace, 1936
How men hate women in a position of real power!
ER to Lorena Hickok, concerning Frances Perkins, 1937
What a nuisance hearts are, and yet without them life would hardly be worth while!
ER to Lorena Hickok, 20 February 1935
How I hate doing these things and then they say someday Ill run for an office. Well, Id have to be chloroformed first! [But if it improves these terrible] conditions even a little bit I suppose it is worth it.
ER to Lorena Hickok, February 1935
I think the day of selfishness is over; the day of really working together has come, and we must learn to work together all of us, regardless of race or creed or color. We go ahead together or we go down together.