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As one of the World Banks contributions to the Habitat II process in Istanbul, this publication first tells the story of nearly a quarter century of the Banks program of urban assistance for developing countries. It then turns to the future to draw attention to priorities for action--P. 1.
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Livable Cities for the 21st Century Directions in Development (Washington, D.C.)
author
:
publisher
:
World Bank
isbn10 | asin
:
0821338129
print isbn13
:
9780821338124
ebook isbn13
:
9780585264226
language
:
English
subject
City planning--Developing countries, Economic assistance--Developing countries, World Bank--Developing countries.
publication date
:
1996
lcc
:
HT169.5.L59 1995eb
ddc
:
307.12
subject
:
City planning--Developing countries, Economic assistance--Developing countries, World Bank--Developing countries.
Increase in the World's Urban Population 1975-2025
The Urban Transformation in the Coming Decades
The developing world's cities are currently expanding at 62 million inhabitants per year, which is equivalent to a adding a country the size of France, the United Kingdom, Egypt, Turkey Thailand every year. By the year 215, urban population in developing countries will double in size and, for the first time will surpass the rural population. Full percent of the world's total population growth will be located in the rapidly expanding urban areas-and 90 percent of that urban growth will be absorbed by the developing world.
Large cities will house and increasing share of urban dwellers: on in four will live in cities of over 500,000 inhabitants, and one in ten will live in a rapidly growing number of :megacities" of over 5 million residents. Whereas 28 of the world's 38 cities with more than 5 million inhabitants were in developing countries in 1995, by the year 2015 the number will be 59 if 71 cities
The largest cities are slowing in growth, with natural increase prodominating over in-migratrion. In these areas -each one compromising many municipal jurisdiction-the urban peripheries typically grow much faster than the core cities. But the highest urban growth rates are often observed in the secondary cities of developing countries. The fast pace of growth of intermediate cities of between 500,000 and 1 million population means that many such cites will be transformed into large metropolitan areas with a decade. The number of intermediate and large cities in increasing dramatically-from 441 cities with more than half a million inhabitants in 1995, there will be 710 such cities in 2015
Source: United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects: the 1994 Revision, United Nations, New York, 1995
Page i
Livable Cities for the 21st Century
DIRECTIONS IN DEVELOPMENT
Page ii
1996 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433
All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing November 1996 Second printing May 1997
This report has been prepared by the staff of the World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this study are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent.
Page iii
Contents
Foreword
v
Summary
1
1. The Continuing Challenge of Urban Development: The Evolution of World Bank Urban Assistance
3
Introduction
3
Twenty-Four Years of Lending Experience
5
Learning from Experience: New Approaches to Urban Lending
8
2. Making Cities Livable Now
23
Back to Basics: Urban Services for the Urban Poor
23
Cleaner Air, Cleaner Water, Healthier Cities
29
Finance for People in Cities
35
Conclusion: Looking Forward
45
Selected List of Further Readings
47
Page v
Foreword
Whatever happened to the global village? It may exist, in some distant cybergalaxy, but as a concept for galvanizing commitment to development and planetary consciousness, it may have missed the point. The "global city," on the other hand, offers a better framework for understanding and shaping the next millennium. A citywith all its abrasive, creative energy, with all its turmoil and opportunityis not just a metaphor, but soon a reality for most of humanity. To look at our cities is to see into our future.
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