Greta Uehling - International Studies: Perspectives on a Rapidly Changing World

REVISED SECOND EDITION

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES:

PERSPECTIVES ON A

RAPIDLY CHANGING WORLD

Edited by Greta Uehling

University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

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ISBN: 978-1-5165-3849-2 (pbk) 978-1-5165-4521-6 (al) / 978-1-5165-3850-8 (br) / 978-1-5165-3851-5 (pf )

CONTENTS

What is International Studies?

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Chapter One: Globalization

Seanon Wong. Whats in a Dumpling? The Chinese Fast-Food Industry and the Spread of Indigenous Cultures under Globalization in Stanford Journal ofEast Asian Affairs 17

Stanley Hoffmann. Clash of Globalizations in Foreign Affairs 27

Suzanne Staggenborg. Introduction

Chapter Two: International Organizations and Relations

Karen A. Mingst and Margaret P. Karns. The United Nations in World Politics

in United Nations in the 21st Century 53

John McCormick and Jonathan Olsen. Introduction in The European Union:Politics and Policies 67

Chapter Three: Human Rights and Humanitarianism

Claude Welch. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights at Sixty,

U.S. Department of State e-publications

Susan Waltz. Who Wrote the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?

U.S. Department of State e-publications

Eric Posner. The History of International Human Rights Law

in The Twilight of Human Rights Law 115

Antnio Guterres. Remarks to the General Assembly from the

United Nations 127

Jayshree Bajoria and Robert McMahon. The Dilemma of Humanitarian Intervention from the Council on Foreign Relations

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iv | International Studies: Perspectives on a Rapidly Changing World Chapter Four: Global Health and Environment

Debra DeLaet and David DeLaet. Key Concepts in Global Health in Global Health in the 21st Century: The Globalization of Disease and Wel ness 145

Scott Stonington. On the (F)utility of Pain in The Lancet 163

Scott Stonington. Whose Autonomy? in the Journal of theAmerican Medical Association

Regina Axelrod and Stacy Vandeveer. The Global Environment: Institutions, Law and Policy in CQ Press

Juliette Jowit. Bjrn Lomborg: The Dissenting Climate Change Voice Who Changed His Tune from The Guardian 191

Chapter Five: Human Development

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, The Danger of a Single Story

Andy Baker. Introduction: Underdevelopment and Diversity in the Global South in Shaping the Developing World: The West, theSouth, and the Natural World 205

United Nations Human Development Report 1990

Kennedy Odede. Slumdog Tourism from The New York Times

Chapter Six: Culture and Identity

Sarah Riley. Identity, Community, and Selfhood: Understanding the Self in Relation to Contemporary Youth Cultures

Amin Maalouf. In the Name of Identity: Violence and the Need to Belong

Benjamin Shingler. The Next Hot Sound? Powwow Step,

Aboriginal Hip-Hop from Al Jazeera America

Lila Abu-Lughod. Do Muslim Women Real y Need Saving?

Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and its Others

from American Anthropologist

What is International Studies?

In the past few decades, global interdependence has been increasing. This volume explores some of the many ways that people, ideas, capital, and technology flow across political, economic, and cultural borders, as well as perspectives on those flows. The interconnected quality of the world we live in suggests a strict disciplinary approach may no longer be ideal for understanding complex global problems. The field of international studies has developed to meet this challenge. It has evolved from a subtopic within political science into an interdisciplinary and comparative approach to questions of global significance. There is a closely related field you may have heard of, global studies, which focuses more on the role of race, class, and gender in international affairs. This closely related field places less emphasis on the importance of the nation-state. Both international and global studies are inspired by looking at the world from the perspective of different geographical areas and academic disciplines, and both fields are inspired to nurture the development of global citizens.

International studies is a relatively new field. The International Studies Association (ISA) has played a crucial role in the fields rapid growth and development. The ISA was formed in 1959 when scholars and practitioners saw a need for greater international and interdisciplinary dialogue (http://www.

isanet.org). The association continues to connect scholars and practitioners around the world and even has nongovernmental consultative status at the United Nations (http://www.isanet.org). The seven journals that the association publishes are valuable sources of information for students of international studies.1 This is a great time to be interested in international studies: individuals have never been as affected by events far from their homes as they are today.

International studies is a very broad field, and this volume can only provide an introduction. In spite of this breadth, there are some connecting themes that readers will find throughout the selections.

First, globalization, as a central and organizing concept, is explored from a different angle in each chapter. Human rights, human security, and human development are other key concepts you will take with you from the readings and links that follow. The first chapter on globalization will give readers a sense of the main debates about this central topic. Chapter two will explore international organizations and relations and relies predominantly on the discipline of political science. In chapter three, we 1 The journals students at the undergraduate level will find most helpful are The International Studies Review, InternationalStudies Perspectives, and Foreign Policy Analysis http://www.isanet.org/Publications/ISP.

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vi | International Studies: Perspectives on a Rapidly Changing World consider two answers to the weaknesses of states and organizations: human rights and humanitarian-Image 0.1 Google Books Ngram Viewer

ism. Chapter four includes readings from the sciences as we consider global health and environment.

Human development came about in part to help solve issues of global health and environment and this is the topic of chapter five. The field of human development aspires to reduce inequalities within and between countries and enhance health and well-being for all people. The sixth and last chapter brings us back to the central problem of globalization with which we began the course: understanding continued cultural heterogeneity in spite of the homogenizing forces of globalization. In this chapter, we consider these tendencies from the perspective of refugees and indigenous peoples. As a whole, the volume aims to provide a clearer understanding of an increasingly international world; a better understanding of a selection of important international issues; and some conceptual tools that will help you analyze events long after your introduction to international studies.